Excess adiposity in childhood is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes. As this condition is difficult to treat once present, identification of risk early in life can help inform and implement strat...
Authors: Jacob K. Kresovich, Yinan Zheng, Andres Cardenas, Brian T. Joyce, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Emily Oken, Matthew W. Gillman, Marie-France Hivert, Andrea A. Baccarelli and Lifang Hou
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and is commonly preceded by oral premalignant lesions. The mortality rates have remained unchanged (50% within 5 years after diagno...
Authors: Luca Morandi, Davide Gissi, Achille Tarsitano, Sofia Asioli, Andrea Gabusi, Claudio Marchetti, Lucio Montebugnoli and Maria Pia Foschini
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal lung disorder of unknown origin with a highly variable and unpredictable clinical course. Polymorphisms and environmentally induced epigenetic variat...
Authors: J. Guiot, I. Struman, V. Chavez, M. Henket, M. Herzog, K. Scoubeau, N. Hardat, B. Bondue, JL. Corhay, C. Moermans and R. Louis
Many conventional chemotherapeutic drugs are known to be involved in DNA damage, thus ultimately leading to apoptosis of leukemic cells. However, they fail to completely eliminate leukemia stem cells (LSCs) du...
Authors: Yin Li, Yan Wang, Yong Zhou, Jie Li, Kai Chen, Leisi Zhang, Manman Deng, Suqi Deng, Peng Li and Bing Xu
Lysine-specific demethylase 1A (LSD1) is a key regulator of the androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER), and LSD1 levels correlate with tumor aggressiveness. Here, we demonstrate that LSD1 regulates vitamin ...
Authors: Sebastiano Battaglia, Ellen Karasik, Bryan Gillard, Jennifer Williams, Trisha Winchester, Michael T. Moser, Dominic J Smiraglia and Barbara A. Foster
Accumulating evidence suggests that tobacco smoking affects the susceptibility to and severity of chronic periodontitis. Epigenetics may explain the role of smoking in the development and progress of periodont...
Authors: Young-Dan Cho, Pil-Jong Kim, Hong-Gee Kim, Yang-Jo Seol, Yong-Moo Lee, Young Ku, In-Chul Rhyu and Hyun-Mo Ryoo
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables epithelial cancer cells to acquire mesenchymal features and contributes to metastasis and resistance to treatment. This process involves epigenetic reprog...
Authors: Emilie Evanno, Julie Godet, Nathalie Piccirilli, Joëlle Guilhot, Serge Milin, Jean Marc Gombert, Benoit Fouchaq and Joëlle Roche
Frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) is increasingly available for the improvement of the success rate of assisted reproductive technologies other than fresh embryo transfer (ET). There have been numerous findi...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic relapsing–remitting autoimmune disease with highly heterogeneous phenotypes. Biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity are useful for early diagnosis as w...
Authors: Zijun Wang, Christopher Chang, Mou Peng and Qianjin Lu
Epidemiological studies have shown that long-term exposure to paracetamol during pregnancy is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The mechanism by which paracetamol may modulate th...
Authors: Kristina Gervin, Hedvig Nordeng, Eivind Ystrom, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud and Robert Lyle
Cord blood is a commonly used tissue in environmental, genetic, and epigenetic population studies due to its ready availability and potential to inform on a sensitive period of human development. However, the ...
Authors: Alexander M. Morin, Evan Gatev, Lisa M. McEwen, Julia L. MacIsaac, David T. S. Lin, Nastassja Koen, Darina Czamara, Katri Räikkönen, Heather J. Zar, Karestan Koenen, Dan J. Stein, Michael S. Kobor and Meaghan J. Jones
Changes in DNA methylation, one of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms, are considered an initial marker for early cancer detection. We evaluated how availability of dietary factors (folates and vitamin B12...
Authors: Hugo Sanchez, Mohammad B. Hossain, Lydia Lera, Sandra Hirsch, Cecilia Albala, Ricardo Uauy, Karin Broberg and Ana M. Ronco
Most DNA cancer methylation markers are based on the transcriptional regulation of the promoter-gene relationship. Recently, the importance of long-range interactions between distal CpGs and target genes has b...
Authors: Seong-Min Park, Eun-Young Choi, Mingyun Bae, Jung Kyoon Choi and Youn-Jae Kim
The aim of this study was to explore the clinical utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) as improved markers of ovarian granulosa cell tumours (GCTs) for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Current histopatholog...
Authors: Wei-Tzu Cheng, Roseanne Rosario, Anita Muthukaruppan, Michelle K Wilson, Kathryn Payne, Peter C. Fong, Andrew N. Shelling and Cherie Blenkiron
Although many genetic variants have been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) risk, they do not explain all the disease risk and there remains uncertainty as to how these variants contribute to disease. DNA...
Authors: Vicki E. Maltby, Rodney A. Lea, Katherine A. Sanders, Nicole White, Miles C. Benton, Rodney J. Scott and Jeannette Lechner-Scott
The DNA modification 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is now referred to as the sixth base of DNA with evidence of tissue-specific patterns and correlation with gene regulation and expression. This epigenetic ma...
Authors: Noa Gilat, Tzlil Tabachnik, Amit Shwartz, Tamar Shahal, Dmitry Torchinsky, Yael Michaeli, Gil Nifker, Shahar Zirkin and Yuval Ebenstein
Aberrations in histone post-translational modifications (hPTMs) have been linked with various pathologies, including cancer, and could not only represent useful biomarkers but also suggest possible targetable ...
Authors: Roberta Noberini, Rémi Longuespée, Cristina Richichi, Giancarlo Pruneri, Mark Kriegsmann, Giuliana Pelicci and Tiziana Bonaldi
The BDNF gene codes for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, a growth factor involved in neural development, cell differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. Present in both the brain and periphery, BDNF plays critic...
Authors: Darlene A. Kertes, Samarth S. Bhatt, Hayley S. Kamin, David A. Hughes, Nicole C. Rodney and Connie J. Mulligan
Ageing is the main risk factor for human neurological disorders. Among the diverse molecular pathways that govern ageing, epigenetics can guide age-associated decline in part by regulating gene expression and ...
Authors: Raúl Delgado-Morales, Roberto Carlos Agís-Balboa, Manel Esteller and María Berdasco
Fetal development largely depends on thyroid hormone availability and proper placental function with an important role played by placental mitochondria. The biological mechanisms by which thyroid hormones exer...
Authors: Bram G. Janssen, Hyang-Min Byun, Harry A. Roels, Wilfried Gyselaers, Joris Penders, Andrea A. Baccarelli and Tim S. Nawrot
Physical activity is associated with improvement in lung function; however, pollution exposure during physical activity can lead to a transient reduction in lung function. This paradoxical relationship may be ...
Authors: Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir, Kyung Hwa Jung, Jacqueline R. Jezioro, David Z. Torrone, Mariangels de Planell-Saguer, Beizhan Yan, Frederica P. Perera, Andrew G. Rundle, Matthew S. Perzanowski, Steven N. Chillrud and Rachel L. Miller
This study examined Sal-like protein (SALL)3 methylation profiles of head and neck cancer (HNSCC) patients at diagnosis and follow-up and evaluated their prognostic significance and value as a biomarker. SALL3 ex...
Authors: Kiyoshi Misawa, Daiki Mochizuki, Atsushi Imai, Yuki Misawa, Shiori Endo, Masato Mima, Hideya Kawasaki, Thomas E. Carey and Takeharu Kanazawa
Epigenetic data could help identify risk factors for orofacial clefts, either by revealing a causal role for epigenetic mechanisms in causing clefts or by capturing information about causal genetic or environm...
Authors: Gemma C. Sharp, Karen Ho, Amy Davies, Evie Stergiakouli, Kerry Humphries, Wendy McArdle, Jonathan Sandy, George Davey Smith, Sarah J. Lewis and Caroline L. Relton
Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy (HY-PDT) has recently captured increased attention as an alternative minimally invasive anticancer treatment, although cancer cells may acquire resistance. Therefore, co...
Authors: Andrea Halaburková, Rastislav Jendželovský, Ján Kovaľ, Zdenko Herceg, Peter Fedoročko and Akram Ghantous
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths with 1.8 million new cases each year and poor 5-year prognosis. Promoter hypermethylation of tumour suppressors leads to their inactivation and thereby...
Authors: Antje M. Richter, Steffen Kiehl, Nicole Köger, Janina Breuer, Thorsten Stiewe and Reinhard H. Dammann
Asthma gene DNA methylation may underlie the effects of air pollution on airway inflammation. However, the temporality and individual susceptibility to environmental epigenetic regulation of asthma has not bee...
Authors: Kyung Hwa Jung, Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir, Beizhan Yan, David Torrone, Jennifer Lawrence, Jacqueline R. Jezioro, Matthew Perzanowski, Frederica P. Perera, Steven N. Chillrud and Rachel L. Miller
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), epigenomic and genomic studies have expanded the existing knowledge about the disease biology and led to the identification of potential biomarkers relevant for implement...
Immune checkpoint factors, such as programmed cell death protein-1/2 (PD-1, PD-2) or cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) receptors, are targets for monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) developed for c...
Authors: Roberta Mazzone, Clemens Zwergel, Antonello Mai and Sergio Valente
Numerous pulmonary diseases manifest with upper lobe predominance including cystic fibrosis, smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis. Zonal hypoxia, characteristic of these pulm...
Authors: David A. Armstrong, Amanda B. Nymon, Carol S. Ringelberg, Corina Lesseur, Haley F. Hazlett, Louisa Howard, Carmen J. Marsit and Alix Ashare
Inclusion of new biomarkers to improve a personalized treatment approach for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is urgently needed. Hypomethylation of the Long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LIN...
Authors: Carlo Furlan, Jerry Polesel, Luigi Barzan, Giovanni Franchin, Sandro Sulfaro, Salvatore Romeo, Francesca Colizzi, Aurora Rizzo, Vittorio Baggio, Vittorio Giacomarra, Angelo Paolo Dei Tos, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Emanuela Vaccher, Riccardo Dolcetti, Luca Sigalotti and Elisabetta Fratta
Two molecular pathways promote the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). One is termed “microsatellite stable” (MSS) whereas the other is characterized by “microsatellite instability” (MSI or MIN). In additi...
Development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and ischemic stroke, depends on environmental and genetic factors. To investigate the epigenetic basis of myocardial ...
Authors: Masahiro Nakatochi, Sahoko Ichihara, Ken Yamamoto, Keiko Naruse, Shigeki Yokota, Hiroyuki Asano, Tatsuaki Matsubara and Mitsuhiro Yokota
Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by pre- and postnatal growth failure and dysmorphic features. Recently, pathogenic copy number variations (PCNVs) and imprinting defect...
Colonoscopy is currently widely accepted as the gold standard for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) providing detection of up to 95% of pre-cancerous lesions during the procedure. However, certain limitatio...
Authors: Jean-François Rahier, Anne Druez, Laurence Faugeras, Jean-Paul Martinet, Myriam Géhénot, Eléonore Josseaux, Marielle Herzog, Jake Micallef, Fabienne George, Monique Delos, Thierry De Ronde, Abdenor Badaoui and Lionel D’Hondt
Targeting checkpoint inhibitors using monoclonal antibodies results in significantly better outcome of cancer patients compared to conventional chemotherapy. However, the current companion diagnostics to predi...
Authors: Sebastian Marwitz, Swetlana Scheufele, Sven Perner, Martin Reck, Ole Ammerpohl and Torsten Goldmann
DIRAS1 is a new member of the Ras gene family. It was described as a potential tumor suppressor in human glioblastomas and esophageal cancer. The role of DIRAS1 in colorectal cancer re...
Authors: Ruipan Zheng, Dan Gao, Tao He, Meiying Zhang, Xiaomei Zhang, Enqiang Linghu, Lixin Wei and Mingzhou Guo
A recent study has shown that it is possible to accurately estimate gestational age (GA) at birth from the DNA methylation (DNAm) of fetal umbilical cord blood/newborn blood spots. This DNAm GA predictor may p...
Authors: Polina Girchenko, Jari Lahti, Darina Czamara, Anna K. Knight, Meaghan J. Jones, Anna Suarez, Esa Hämäläinen, Eero Kajantie, Hannele Laivuori, Pia M. Villa, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Michael S. Kobor, Alicia K. Smith, Elisabeth B. Binder and Katri Räikkönen
Epigenetic mechanisms provide an interface between environmental factors and the genome and are known to play a role in complex diseases such as obesity. These mechanisms, including DNA methylation, influence ...
Authors: Donia Macartney-Coxson, Miles C. Benton, Ray Blick, Richard S. Stubbs, Ronald D. Hagan and Michael A. Langston
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism involved in gene regulation, with alterations in DNA methylation in the nuclear genome being linked to numerous complex diseases. Mitochondrial DNA methylat...
Authors: Matthew Devall, Rebecca G. Smith, Aaron Jeffries, Eilis Hannon, Matthew N. Davies, Leonard Schalkwyk, Jonathan Mill, Michael Weedon and Katie Lunnon
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a common endocrine neoplasm with a recent increase in incidence in many countries. Although PTC has been explored by gene expression and DNA methylation studies, the regula...
Authors: Caroline Moraes Beltrami, Mariana Bisarro dos Reis, Mateus Camargo Barros-Filho, Fabio Albuquerque Marchi, Hellen Kuasne, Clóvis Antônio Lopes Pinto, Srikant Ambatipudi, Zdenko Herceg, Luiz Paulo Kowalski and Silvia Regina Rogatto
The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in stage III colon cancer (CRC) has been associated with improved survival after treatment with adjuvant irinotecan-based chemotherapy. In this analysis, we determine...
Authors: Stacey A. Cohen, Ming Yu, Kelsey Baker, Mary Redman, Chen Wu, Tai J. Heinzerling, Ralph M. Wirtz, Elpida Charalambous, George Pentheroudakis, Vassiliki Kotoula, Konstantine T. Kalogeras, George Fountzilas and William M. Grady
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 FAs) have several beneficial effects on cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors. These effects on CV risk profile may be mediated by several factors, including epigene...
Authors: Bénédicte L. Tremblay, Frédéric Guénard, Iwona Rudkowska, Simone Lemieux, Patrick Couture and Marie-Claude Vohl
The early detection of type 1 diabetes (T1D) largely depends on a reliable approach to monitor β cell loss. An effective way to evaluate the decline of β cell mass would allow early preventative intervention t...
Authors: Kuo Zhang, Guigao Lin, Yanxi Han, Jiehong Xie and Jinming Li
Goblet cell metaplasia, a common feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is associated with mucus hypersecretion which contributes to the morbidity and mortality among patients. Transcription ...
Authors: J. Song, I. H. Heijink, L. E. M. Kistemaker, M. Reinders-Luinge, W. Kooistra, J. A. Noordhoek, R. Gosens, C. A. Brandsma, W. Timens, P. S. Hiemstra, M. G. Rots and M. N. Hylkema
Subjects born with low birth weight (LBW) display a more energy-conserving response to fasting compared with normal birth weight (NBW) subjects. However, the molecular mechanisms explaining these metabolic dif...
Authors: Line Hjort, Sine W. Jørgensen, Linn Gillberg, Elin Hall, Charlotte Brøns, Jan Frystyk, Allan A. Vaag and Charlotte Ling
The implication of epigenetic abnormalities in many diseases and the approval of a number of compounds that modulate specific epigenetic targets in a therapeutically relevant manner in cancer specifically conf...
Premature infants are highly vulnerable to infection. This is partly attributable to the preterm immune system, which differs from that of the term neonate in cell composition and function. Multiple studies ha...
Authors: Olivia M. de Goede, Pascal M. Lavoie and Wendy P. Robinson
Epigenetics changes have been shown to be affected by cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoke (CS)-mediated DNA methylation can potentially affect several cellular and pathophysiological processes, acute exacerbati...
Authors: Isaac K. Sundar, Qiangzong Yin, Brian S. Baier, Li Yan, Witold Mazur, Dongmei Li, Martha Susiarjo and Irfan Rahman
Offspring of women with diabetes in pregnancy are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), potentially mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. The adipokines leptin, adiponectin, and resistin (genes: LEP,...
Authors: Azadeh Houshmand-Oeregaard, Ninna S. Hansen, Line Hjort, Louise Kelstrup, Christa Broholm, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Tine D. Clausen, Peter Damm and Allan Vaag
