LINE-1 methylation in visceral adipose tissue of severely obese individuals is associated with metabolic syndrome status and related phenotypes

Table 1 Subject characteristics according to metabolic syndrome (MetS) status

Phenotypes^a	All subjects		Men		Premenopausal women
Phenotypes^a	MetS-	MetS+	MetS-	MetS+	MetS-	MetS+
No. of subjects (n)	98	88	14	20	84	68
Smokers (n)	21 (21.4%)	22 (25.6%)	2 (14.3%)	4 (21.1%)	19 (22.6%)	18 (26.9%)
Age (years)	34.9 ± 8.1	35.3 ± 7.3	32.2 ± 8.9	36.8 ± 9.2	35.4 ± 7.9	34.9 ± 6.7
Body Mass Index (kg/m²)^b	49.8 ± 8.4	53.8 ± 10.8^*	54.5 ± 8.8	56.8 ± 13.1	49.0 ± 8.1	52.9 ± 9.9^**
Waist circumference (cm)	130.1 ± 17.0	139.4 ± 19.6^**	151.6 ± 15.6	160.7 ± 20.7	126.8 ± 14.7	132.9 ± 14.0^*
Fasting glucose (mmol/l) ^b	4.87 ± 0.39	5.68 ± 0.87^***	5.06 ± 0.33	6.16 ± 0.75^***	4.84 ± 0.39	5.53 ± 0.86^***
Triglycerides (mmol/l) ^b	1.13 ± 0.37	2.20 ± 1.14^***	1.08 ± 0.31	2.42 ± 1.41^***	1.13 ± 0.38	2.13 ± 1.06^***
High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.47 ± 0.26	1.09 ± 0.20^***	1.27 ± 0.17	0.94 ± 0.15^***	1.51 ± 0.38	1.13 ± 0.20^***
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	130.2 ± 13.4	144.6 ± 17.2^***	132.1 ± 12.8	150.2 ± 19.4^**	129.9 ± 13.5	143.0 ± 16.4^***
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) ^b	79.9 ± 9.3	90.4 ± 11.9^***	78.8 ± 7.8	89.7 ± 13.2^*	80.0 ± 8.7	90.6 ± 11.6^***

^aData are shown as mean ± SD or n.
^bNon-normally distributed phenotypes were transformed for the general linear model analysis: body mass index (negative inverse: -1/(X)), fasting glucose (-1/(X)), triglycerides (-1/(1 + X)) and diastolic blood pressure (-1/(X)).
^*P <0.05, ^**P <0.01, ^***P <0.0001; for differences in mean phenotype levels between MetS- and MetS + groups.

ISSN: 1868-7083