Table 3 Hypermethylated genes selected for pyrosequencing validation

NNAT

3

7

0.018, 0.021, 0.032

Involved in the maturation or maintenance of the overall structure of the nervous system

TP73

3

12

0.004, 0.032, 0.047

Participates in the apoptotic response to DNA damage

CCND1

2

18

0.034, 0.048

Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G1/S (start) transition

RUNX3

2

19

0.0004, 0.039

Tumor suppressor gene

CTSZ

1

7

0.037

May be involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis

DUSP2

1

2

0.012

Regulates cellular proliferation and differentiation

HPN

1

2

0.023

Plays an essential role in cell growth and maintenance of cell morphology

JAK2

1

1

0.036

Involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, mitotic recombination, genetic instability, and histone modifications

LRRC4

1

2

0.014

Significantly downregulated in primary brain tumors. The exact function of the protein encoded is unknown

MAGEA2

1

2

0.034

May play a role in embryonal development and tumor transformation or aspects of tumor progression

MGMT

1

26

0.031

Involved in DNA repair mechanisms

PAX8

1

2

0.008

Transcription factor. Mutations in this gene are associated with carcinogenesis

ECRG4

1

2

0.004

Antiapoptotic gene

RB1

1

21

0.048

Negative regulator of the cell cycle

TDGF1

1

2

0.037

Plays an essential role in embryonic development and tumor growth

TSPAN32

1

2

0.008

Is one of several tumor-suppressing subtransferable fragments located in the imprinted gene domain of chromosome 11p15.5