From: Epigenetics of prenatal stress in humans: the current research landscape
References | Candidate genes | Method DNAm | Sample Size | Exposure, exposure sample size and timing (if available) | Outcome and timing | Tissue | Age and sex (if available) | Result* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[55] | Epigenetic age, longitudinal study | EPIC v1 array | 505 | Prenatal maternal anxiety, externalizing problems in offspring | DNAm in infants and children | Buccal | Children; aged 3, 9, 48Â months, 6 and 10Â years | Prenatal maternal anxiety associated with age acceleration; age acceleration associated with externalizing problems in boys |
[73] | Epigenetic age | EPIC v1 array | 60 | Cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) in 3rd trimester | DNAm at birth | Cordblood | Newborns | Decreased epigenetic age acceleration in children associated with decreased CPR |
[94] | Epigenetic age | 450K array | 407 | Antenatal depressive symptoms | DNAm at birth | Cordblood | Newborns; 53% males | Decreased epigenetic age acceleration in children associated with maternal depressive symptoms |