Fig. 3From: Effects of iron homeostasis on epigenetic age acceleration: a two-sample Mendelian randomization studyWorkflow of present study and basic assumptions of MR analysis. Genetic instruments must be (i) associated with the exposure; (ii) independent of confounders; (iii) independent of the outcome. MR, Mendelian randomization, MR-PRESSO, Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and OutlierBack to article page