Table 1 A and B General characteristics of study participants from the RHINESSA study with complete data on offspring DNA methylation and father’s age of onset of tobacco smoking
From: Fathers’ preconception smoking and offspring DNA methylation
Characteristic | A: Any preconception smoking onset | B: Fathers smoking onset < 15 years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No*, N = 547 | Yes, N = 328 | p value1 | No, N = 240 | Yes, N = 64 | p value2 | |
Sex, n (%) Female Male | 263 (48) 284 (52) | 155 (47) 173 (53) | 0.8 | 112 (47) 128 (53) | 33 (52) 31 (48) | 0.5 |
Study centre, n (%) Albacete Arhus Bergen Huelva Melbourne Tartu | 24 (4) 34 (6) 320 (59) 17 (3) 78 (14) 74 (14) | 39 (10) 17 (5) 194 (59) 14 (4) 14 (4) 57 (17) | < 0.001 | 7 (3) 14 (6) 174 (72) 5 (2) 21 (9) 19 (8) | 9 (14) 1 (2) 47 (73) 2 (3) 1 (2) 4 (6) | 0.005 |
Age, mean (SD) | 26 (8) | 30 (8) | < 0.001 | 26 (8) | 27 (8) | 0.2 |
Mother smoking, n (%) | 84 (15) | 179 (55) | < 0.001 | 30 (12) | 34 (53) | < 0.001 |
Offspring smoking, n (%) | 121 (22) | 119 (36) | < 0.001 | 44 (18) | 25 (39) | < 0.001 |
Cell proportions, mean (SD) | ||||||
B cells | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.4 | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.4 |
CD4 cells | 0.03 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.03) | 0.3 | 0.03 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.02) | > 0.9 |
CD8 cells | 0.13 (0.05) | 0.12 (0.05) | 0.5 | 0.13 (0.04) | 0.12 (0.04) | 0.7 |
NK cells | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.8 | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.4 |
Mononuclear cells | 0.07 (0.02) | 0.07 (0.02) | 0.2 | 0.07 (0.02) | 0.07 (0.02) | 0.4 |
Neutrophil | 0.67 (0.09) | 0.68 (0.08) | 0.3 | 0.68 (0.08) | 0.68 (0.07) | 0.8 |