Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of HPV-negative leukoplakia and gingivobuccal complex cancers

Clinical Epigenetics

Table 3 Prognostic significance of biomarkers

Variables	Univariate Cox analysis		Multivariable Cox analysis
Variables	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Recurrence free survival (RFS)
Age (below 60 vs 60 & above)	1.73 (0.97–3.01)	0.062	2.32 (1.24–4.34)	0.008
Sex (male vs female)	0.74 (0.33–1.64)	0.456	0.52 (0.22–1.22)	0.131
Stage (early vs advanced)	1.46 (0.83–2.56)	0.187	1.11 (0.52–2.37)	0.781
Lymph node (negative vs positive)	1.43 (0.85–2.40)	0.181	1.36 (0.66–2.81)	0.400
CYB5A (no change vs loss)	3.067 (1.21–7.76)	0.018	2.47 (0.82–7.44)	0.108
CASP4 (no change vs loss)	3.35 (1.32–8.55)	0.011	1.92 (0.63–5.80)	0.250
ISG15 (no change vs gain)	0.40 (0.2–0.80)	0.010	0.47 (0.23–0.99)	0.049
Disease specific survival (DSS)
Age (below 60 vs 60 & above)	1.62 (0.74–3.54)	0.229	1.76 (0.74–4.17)	0.202
Sex (male vs female)	1.30 (0.53–3.18)	0.567	0.91 (0.34–2.47)	0.854
Stage (early vs advanced)	1.64 (0.75–3.60)	0.214	1.14 (0.40–3.29)	0.794
Lymph node (negative vs positive)	1.65 (0.80–3.39)	0.169	1.44 (0.54–3.84)	0.463
ISG15 (no change vs gain)	0.30 (0.13–0.71)	0.006	0.32 (0.13–0.77)	0.011
Overall survival (OS)
Age (below 60 vs 60 & above)	1.56 (0.74–3.27)	0.240	1.58 (0.70–3.55)	0.269
Sex (male vs female)	1.37 (0.59–3.14)	0.464	0.99 (0.40–2.51)	0.993
Stage (early vs advanced)	1.90 (0.89–4.09)	0.100	1.49 (0.57–3.94)	0.418
Lymph node (negative vs positive)	1.63 (0.83–3.19)	0.156	1.22 (0.51–2.91)	0.652
ISG15 (no change vs gain)	0.31 (0.14–0.69)	0.004	0.33 (0.15–0.75)	0.008

The values in bold are to indicate that these are highly significant changes where a p-value less than 0.05 isconsidered statically significant

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