Fig. 2

Chidamide and venetoclax demonstrate synergistic anti-myeloma efficacy in HMCLs in vitro. A HMCLs were incubated with chidamide (2ɥM), venetoclax (concentration was indicated in picture), their combination or vehicle for 48 h and subjected to flow cytometry to analyze cell apoptosis. B HMCLs were incubated with chidamide (1ɥM for U266; 2ɥM for ARP-1, MM1.S and RPMI-8226), venetoclax (2ɥM for U266; 4ɥM for ARP-1, MM1.S and RPMI-8226), their combination or vehicle for 48 h, and the expression of the following apoptosis-related proteins was determined by western blot analysis: PARP1, caspase-3. C Protein levels of cleaved PARP1 and cleaved caspase 3 were normalized to those of GAPDH and presented as fold changes relative to vehicle controls. D Primary MM samples (n = 3) were exposed to chidamide (2ɥM) and/or venetoclax (4ɥM) for 48 h and analyzed by flow cytometry. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments (ns P > 0.05; ∗ P < 0.05; ∗  ∗ P < 0.01; ∗  ∗  ∗ P < 0.001; ∗  ∗  ∗  ∗ P < 0.0001)