Lifetime exposure to smoking, epigenetic aging, and morbidity and mortality in older adults

Clinical Epigenetics

Table 2 Total and indirect effects of adult pack years on health outcomes (N = 2978)

Outcome	Total effect	95% confidence interval
Panel A. Total effects of adult pack years on health outcomes
Mortality	0.0006	0.0000	0.0012
Cancer	0.0019	0.0003	0.0036
High blood pressure	0.0009	− 0.0001	0.0018
Lung disease	0.0029	0.0020	0.0038
Heart disease	0.0013	− 0.0001	0.0026

Outcome	Mediator(s)	Indirect effect	95% confidence interval
Panel B. Indirect effects of adult pack years on health outcomes—GrimAgeAdj
Mortality	GrimAgeAdj	0.0005	0.0003	0.0008
Cancer	GrimAgeAdj	0.0006	0.0001	0.0010
High blood pressure	GrimAgeAdj	0.0012	0.0007	0.0017
Lung disease	GrimAgeAdj	0.0011	0.0006	0.0015
Heart disease	GrimAgeAdj	0.0010	0.0005	0.0015
Panel C. Indirect effects of adult pack years on health outcomes—PhenoAgeAdj
Mortality	PhenoAgeAdj	0.0001	0.0000	0.0002
Cancer	PhenoAgeAdj	0.0001	0.0000	0.0002
High blood pressure	PhenoAgeAdj	0.0001	0.0000	0.0003
Lung disease	PhenoAgeAdj	0.0000	0.0000	0.0001
Heart disease	PhenoAgeAdj	0.0001	0.0000	0.0002
Panel D. Indirect effects of adult pack years on health outcomes—DunedinPoAm38Adj
Mortality	DunedinPoAm38Adj	0.0004	0.0002	0.0006
Cancer	DunedinPoAm38Adj	0.0005	0.0001	0.0008
High blood pressure	DunedinPoAm38Adj	0.0007	0.0003	0.0012
Lung disease	DunedinPoAm38Adj	0.0005	0.0001	0.0009
Heart disease	DunedinPoAm38Adj	0.0005	0.0001	0.0009

ISSN: 1868-7083