Impact of BMI and waist circumference on epigenome-wide DNA methylation and identification of epigenetic biomarkers in blood: an EWAS in multi-ethnic Asian individuals

Table 1 Epigenome-wide association identified six novel BMI-associated CpGs and two WC-associated CpGs (P_FDR < 0.05) in Asian samples

CpG	Chr	Position	Nearest gene	Trait	Relation to Island	Location in gene	MEC Chinese
CpG	Chr	Position	Nearest gene	Trait	Relation to Island	Location in gene	Beta Mean	Beta SD	Effect	SE	P
cg02871985	2	43,398,154	*THADA*	BMI	Island	Intergenic	0.11	0.02	− 21.61	22.03	3.29E−01
cg07421368	2	67,624,930	ETAA1	BMI	S_Shore	Body	0.02	0.01	41.17	60.71	4.99E−01
cg07421368	2	67,624,930	ETAA1	WC	S_Shore	Body	0.02	0.01	− 32.44	157.58	8.37E−01
cg15103625	3	157,826,388	*RSRC1*	BMI	N_Shore	TSS1500	0.16	0.03	27.79	13.01	3.48E−02
cg15103625	3	157,826,388	*RSRC1*	WC	N_Shore	TSS1500	0.16	0.03	75.44	33.63	2.69E−02
cg08010984	3	170,964,901	*TNIK*	BMI	OpenSea	Body	0.43	0.05	− 27.83	7.95	6.64E−04
cg16309866	7	41,264,719	LINC01449	BMI	OpenSea	Intergenic	0.53	0.05	− 33.93	9.94	8.94E−04
cg19120513	11	102,189,303	BIRC3	BMI	S_Shore	5'UTR	0.38	0.05	− 28.23	11.33	1.42E−02

CpG	iOmics Chinese					Chinese meta-analysis				iOmics Indian
CpG	Beta Mean	Beta SD	Effect	SE	P	Effect	SE	P	P_het	Beta Mean	Beta SD	Effect	SE	P
cg02871985	0.18	0.02	− 57.56	21.15	7.91E−03	− 40.31	15.26	8.24E−03	2.39E−01	0.18	0.03	− 56.94	16.23	7.45E−04
cg07421368	0.05	0.04	43.10	8.66	3.43E−06	43.06	8.58	5.16E−07	9.75E−01	0.05	0.01	− 27.33	58.40	6.41E−01
cg07421368	0.05	0.04	114.79	21.47	7.56E−07	112.10	21.27	1.36E−07	3.55E−01	0.05	0.01	− 29.78	134.76	8.26E−01
cg15103625	0.28	0.04	40.45	10.43	2.09E−04	35.49	8.14	1.29E−05	4.48E−01	0.27	0.03	36.50	17.87	4.45E−02
cg15103625	0.28	0.04	102.90	26.25	1.80E−04	92.50	20.69	7.83E−06	5.20E−01	0.27	0.03	105.78	40.56	1.09E−02
cg08010984	0.54	0.05	− 26.15	10.84	1.81E−02	− 27.24	6.41	2.14E−05	9.01E−01	0.53	0.05	− 18.96	13.22	1.55E−01
cg16309866	0.60	0.05	− 47.72	13.29	5.57E−04	− 38.87	7.96	1.05E−06	4.06E−01	0.61	0.05	− 4.81	16.94	7.77E−01
cg19120513	0.47	0.05	− 35.98	14.83	1.74E−02	− 31.09	9.00	5.53E−04	6.78E−01	0.45	0.06	− 34.31	15.82	3.31E−02

CpGs on 450k array and obesity-related genes are highlighted in bold. cg02871985 is probe-in-SNP
Chr, Chromosome; S_Shore, South Shore; N_Shore, North Shore; Body, gene body; TSS1500, within 1500 bp from transcription start site; UTR, untranslated regions; FDR, false discovery rate; SE, standard error; Phet, P-value for heterogeneity test

ISSN: 1868-7083