Table 4 Associations between parental factors and gestational age acceleration. N = 863
Exposure | Mean difference in gestational age acceleration (days) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||
MD | 95% CI | p | MD | 95% CI | p | |
Maternal smoking | ||||||
Never smoker | (Ref) | 0.49 | (Ref) | 0.50 | ||
Former smoker | 0.01 | − 0.8, 0.7 | 0.03 | − 0.7, 0.8 | ||
Current smoker | 0.5 | − 0.5, 1.6 | 0.5 | − 0.7, 1.6 | ||
Paternal smoking | ||||||
Never smoker | (Ref) | 0.41 | (Ref) | 0.40 | ||
Former smoker | − 0.9 | − 2.7, 0.9 | − 0.9 | − 2.7, 0.9 | ||
Current smoker | 0.1 | − 0.8, 0.9 | 0.1 | − 0.8, 0.9 | ||
Maternal alcohol consumption | ||||||
Heavy/binge drinker | (Ref) | 0.26 | (Ref) | 0.25 | ||
Light/moderate drinker | − 0.2 | − 1.2, 0.8 | − 0.3 | − 1.3, 0.8 | ||
Pregnancy abstainer | − 0.4 | − 1.4, 0.7 | − 0.4 | − 1.4, 0.6 | ||
Never drinker | − 1.2 | − 2.9, 0.5 | − 1.2 | − 2.9, 0.5 | ||
Paternal alcohol consumption | ||||||
Never drinker | (Ref) | 0.54 | (Ref) | 0.67 | ||
Light/moderate drinker | − 0.9 | − 1.9, 0.1 | − 0.8 | − 1.9, 0.2 | ||
Heavy/binge drinker | 0.2 | − 1.8, 2.2 | 0.4 | − 1.7, 2.4 | ||
Maternal depression depressed | 0.4 | − 0.4, 1.1 | 0.32 | 0.4 | − 0.3, 1.2 | 0.28 |
Paternal depression depressed | −0.5 | − 1.8, 0.8 | 0.42 | − 0.6 | − 1.8, 0.8 | 0.49 |
Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI | ||||||
Under/normal weight | (Ref) | < 0.001 | (Ref) | < 0.001 | ||
Overweight | 1.5 | 0.6, 2.5 | 1.6 | 0.7, 2.6 | ||
Obese | 2.7 | 1.2, 4.3 | 2.9 | 1.3, 4.4 | ||
Paternal BMI | ||||||
Under/normal weight | (Ref) | 0.53 | (Ref) | 0.58 | ||
Overweight | 0.1 | − 0.7, 0.9 | 0.1 | − 0.7, 0.9 | ||
Obese | 0.4 | − 0.9, 1.8 | 0.4 | − 1.0, 1.8 | ||
Parental relationship status | ||||||
Married | (Ref) | 0.37 | (Ref) | 0.47 | ||
Cohabiting | 0.1 | − 0.8, 1.1 | 0.1 | − 0.9, 1.1 | ||
Single | 0.8 | − 1.0, 2.5 | 0.7 | − 1.1, 2.6 | ||
Parity | ||||||
0 | (Ref) | 0.88 | (Ref) | 0.83 | ||
1 | − 0.3 | − 1.3, 0.7 | − 0.4 | − 1.3, 0.7 | ||
2+ | 0.1 | − 1.6, 1.8 | 0.1 | − 1.6, 1.8 | ||
Maternal age | ||||||
35+ | (Ref) | 0.60 | (Ref) | 0.69 | ||
25–34 | − 0.5 | − 1.5, 0.5 | − 0.5 | − 1.4, 0.5 | ||
15–24 | − 0.1 | − 1.3, 1.2 | 0.03 | − 1.3, 1.4 | ||
Paternal age | ||||||
35+ | (Ref) | 0.27 | (Ref) | 0.32 | ||
25–34 | − 0.4 | − 1.2, 0.3 | − 0.4 | − 1.1, 0.4 | ||
15–24 | − 0.7 | − 2.2, 0.8 | − 0.6 | − 2.2, 0.9 | ||
Pregnancy complications | − 0.4 | − 1.2, 0.5 | 0.42 | − 0.6 | − 1.5, 0.3 | 0.16 |