Fig. 7

Biomarker performance of RBBP8 methylation based on a non-invasive approach. a RBBP8 methylation enables significant discrimination of cancerous bladder diseases from two control conditions (benign and malignant) using urine samples. The scatterplot shows the mean methylation values of the CpG sites #7 and #8; ns, not significant; ***p < 0.0001. b to c ROC curve analysis illustrating RBBP8 single-biomarker performance based on all analyzed CpG sites (green curve) and CpG site #7 and #8 (red curve). b ROC curve in benign disease controls. Red curve (CpG #7 and #8): the cutoff value of 1.25% methylation was defined for positive detection of disease; in that case, RBBP8 methylation achieved a specificity of 90.9% and a sensitivity of 51.9%. Area under the curve (AUC) 0.730 (95% CI, 0.616 to 0.844), p = 0.002. c ROC curve in malignant (prostate and testicular cancer) disease controls. Red curve (CpG #7 and #8): the cutoff value of 4.00% methylation was defined for positive detection of disease; in that case, RBBP8 methylation achieved a specificity of 90.2% and a sensitivity of 40.4%. Area under the curve (AUC) 0.686 (95% CI, 0.583 to 0.789), p = 0.001