Table 2 Cross talk between PcG proteins and HIV-1 in the maintenance of viral latency
From: Epigenetic regulation of HIV-1 latency: focus on polycomb group (PcG) proteins
Polycomb group protein | PcG complex | HIV-1 proteins | Biochemical interaction |
|---|---|---|---|
Embryonic ectoderm development (EED) | PRC-2 | MA, IN and Nef | Induces antiviral activities at the last stage of HIV-1 replication. |
Phosphorylated enhancer of Zeste (p-EZH2) | PRC-2 | Tat | Induces HIV-1 latency through Akt signaling pathway. |
Retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (RbAp48/RBBP4) | PRC2 | HIV-1 5′ LTR | Inhibits the production of viral particles at the transcriptional level. |
Enhancer of Zeste 2 (EZH2) | PRC2 | HIV-1 5′ LTR | Induces repressive mark on H3K27me3. |
Suppressor of Zeste 12 (Su(z)12) | PRC2 | HIV-1 5′ LTR | Catalyzes trimethylation in constitutive heterochromatin on H3K9 and H3K27. |
Ying Yang 1 (YY1) | PhoRC | 5′ LTR | Represses HIV-1 transcription and viral production. |
BMI1 and RING1A | PRC1 | 5′ LTR | Regulate HIV-1 latency. Catalyze ubiquitination at H2K119 |
CBX | PRC1 | 5′ LTR | Binds to H3K27 trimethylation marks produced by PRC2 and induces E3-ligase activities. |