Fig. 2

Reduction of 5hmC is associated with the substantial reduction of IDH1 and IDH2 and TET2 and TET3 gene expressions. a The expression of TET2, TET3, IDH1, and IDH2 decreased in HCC tissues in comparison to the matched normal liver. Real-time qRT-PCR was used to determine TETs and IDHs relative mRNA levels in HCCs while using β2M as an internal control for normalization. Data are expressed as fold change in mRNA expression compared to the normal liver control (indicated by dashed line at 1) The data are presented as box plot (N = 9, n = 3): center line represents the median, box limits represent the first and third quartiles, and whiskers represent 1.5 times the interquartile range (The p value were assessed by Student’s t test; bars show mean ± SE; p < 0.0001 for TET2, TET3, IDH1, and p = 0.0275 for IDH2). b The same pattern was confirmed by comparing HCC cell lines (Huh7, HLE, HLF) to primary human hepatocytes (N = 4, n = 3). (p value assed by one-way ANOVA; bars show mean ± SE) (p < 0.001)