Fig. 1

Manhattan plot of the epigenetic loci in granulosa cells that are differentially methylated with high versus low NO₂ exposure. The x-axis shows the genomic location of the individual CpG sites. The y-axis shows the − log₁₀(raw p-values) from models relating high NO₂ exposure to CpG methylation, adjusting for age and three surrogate variables. The horizontal line depicts the Bonferroni adjusted p-value threshold. Blue dots indicate a positive association between NO₂ exposure and DNA methylation and red dots indicate a negative association between NO₂ exposure and DNA methylation. Significant findings after adjustment for multiple comparison were annotated with CpG ID (closest gene)