From: Fetal exposure to phthalates and bisphenols and DNA methylation at birth: the Generation R Study
 | LOD (nmol/L) | First trimester | Second trimester | Third trimester | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median (25–75th percentile) | Percentage < LOD | Median (25–75th percentile) | Percentage < LOD | Median (25–75th percentile) | Percentage < LOD | ||
Phthalic acid (PA) (nmol/L) | 6.68 | 349.2 (195.4–844.3) | 0.3 | 953.2 (381.6–1558.6) | 0 | 345.7 (187.1–715.6) | 0.3 |
Monomethylphthalate (mMP) (nmol/L) | 0.33 | 28.3 (14.8–52.4) | 0.3 | 18.5 (9.2–34.1) | 0.3 | 16.8 (9.4–36.6) | 1.0 |
Monoethylphthalate (mEP) (nmol/L) | 0.31 | 671.5 (198.0–2412.9) | 0 | 330.5 (123.2–1057.6) | 0 | 591.3 (207.8–1775.7) | 0 |
Mono-isobutylphthalate (mIBP) (nmol/L) | 0.40 | 84.2 (38.3–157.8) | 0 | 35.6 (18.9–66.4) | 0 | 58.9 (33.6–115.0) | 0.3 |
Mono-n-butylphthalate (mBP) (nmol/L) | 0.63 | 68.5 (30.8–124.5) | 0.3 | 41.0 (24.4–75.1) | 0 | 45.7 (23.9–78.8) | 0 |
Monobenzylphthalate (mBzBP) (nmol/L) | 0.59 | 24.6 (8.8–43.6) | 6.9 | 17.4 (7.2–33.6) | 2.9 | 9.9 (3.3–19.1) | 3.6 |
Mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxy-pentyl)phthalate (mECPP) (nmol/L) | 0.94 | 46.8 (26.3–92.9) | 0 | 33.2 (18.7–59.2) | 0 | 51.7 (26.8–90.3) | 0 |
Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxy-hexyl)phthalate (mEHHP) (nmol/L) | 0.27 | 35.1 (16.5–73.8) | 0 | 19.1 (10.6–36.8) | 0 | 33.0 (15.9–58.0) | 0 |
Mono-(2-ethyl-5oxohexyl)phthalate (mEOHP) (nmol/L) | 0.14 | 22.6 (10.4–45.7) | 0 | 26.5 (14.2–56.7) | 0 | 22.5 (12.1–43.4) | 0 |
Mono-[(2-carboxymethyl)-hexyl]phthalate (mCMHP) (nmol/L) | 0.13 | 42.4 (23.3–74.3) | 0 | 12.3 (7.1–23.4) | 0.3 | 9.1 (5.0–17.4) | 0 |
Mono(3-carboxypropyl)phthalate (mCPP) (nmol/L) | 0.03 | 5.2 (3.0–10.4) | 0 | 3.6 (2.0–6.6) | 0 | 6.6 (3.7–12.1) | 0 |
Bisphenol A (BPA) (nmol/L) | 0.66 | 6.2 (1.6–14.8) | 18.0 | 5.2 (2.4–12.2) | 8.2 | 6.0 (2.9–11.0) | 9.2 |