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Table 2 The methylated genes and ovarian cancer multidrug resistance in the literature

From: Abnormal methylation characteristics predict chemoresistance and poor prognosis in advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author

Year

N

Population

Gene

Tissue

Methods

Cell

Methylation level in chemoresistant tissue/cell

Expression

Drugs

References

Strathdee

2005

41

UK

MCJ

Advanced EOC

Bisulfite sequencing

–

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[24]

Lee

2009

61

UK

MAL

SOC

Bisulfite sequencing

–

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[25]

Watanabe/Gifford

2007/2004

36/138

Japan/UK

hMLH1

Advanced EOC

MSP

–

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[26, 27]

Wang

2010

–

–

BRCA1

–

Bisulfite sequencing

COC1/COC1CisR

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Cisplatin

[28]

Chou

2010

96

China

FBXO32

OC

MSP

–

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[29]

Nicholson

2009

54

UK

ASS1

EOC

Bisulfite sequencing

–

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[63]

GAO

2019

–

–

RASSF1A

–

MSP

A2780/A2780CisR

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[31]

GAO

2019

–

–

MDR1

–

MSP

A2780/A2780CisR

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Cisplatin

[31]

Dai

2012

–

–

PTEN

–

Bisulfite sequencing

OVCAR3

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Taxol

[32]

Li

2009

–

–

DR4

–

MSP

2008, Hey, NMP-1, OVCAR3, SKOV3, A2780

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[33]

Bram

2009

–

–

ABCG2

–

COBRA

IGROV1

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[34]

Chiang

2013

136

China

BLU

Advanced HGSOC

MSP

SKOV3, OVCAR3

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[35]

Wang

2012

40

China

TGFBI

EOC

MSP

SKOV3/SKOV3CisR, SKOV3/TR, A2780/TR

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin and palitaxel

[36]

Ali

2013

–

–

RGS10

–

Bisulfite sequencing

A2780/A2780CisR, CAOV3, SKOV3

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[37]

Okochi-Takada

2006

17

Japan

UCHL1

OC

MSP

13 ovarian cancer cell lines

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[38]

Staub

2007

–

–

HSulf-1

–

MSP

SKOV3, OV207

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[39]

Su

2010

126

China

SFRP5

EOC

MSP

–

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[40]

IZUTSU

2008

66

Japan

TUBB3

OC

Bisulfite sequencing

OVCAR-3, JHOC-8

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Paclitaxel

[41]

Pattamadilok

2008

59

Thailand

LINE-1

EOC

COBRA

–

Hypomethylation

Unknown

Platinum

[42]

Jiang

2014

–

–

HOXA10

–

MSP

SKOV3, HEY

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[43]

Matei

2012

17

America

HOXA9, HOXA11

OC

Genome-wide methylation study

–

Hypermethylation

Unknown

Platinum

[44]

Taniguchi

2003

19

America

FANCF

OC

MSP

–

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Cisplatin

[45]

YANG

2018

–

–

OXCT1

–

Genome-wide methylation study

8 ovarian cancer cell lines

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[46]

Zhao

2021

483

GEO and TCGA

AGR2, HSPA2, ACAT2

SOC

Genome-wide methylation study

–

Hypermethylation

Unknown

Platinum

[47]

Pan

2017

–

–

SERPINE1

–

MassArray EpiTYPER

A2780CP

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Carboplatin

[9]

Zeller

2012

–

–

ARMCX2, COL1A1, MDK, MEST

–

Genome-wide methylation study

A2780CisR

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[48]

Ha

2018

–

–

NAGA

–

Genome-wide methylation study

11 ovarian cancer cell lines

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[49]

Visco

2021

16

America

CLDN1

Advanced SOC

Genome-wide methylation study

–

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Cisplatin

[50]

Bonito

2016

61

UK

MSX1

HGSOC

Genome-wide methylation study

–

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[51]

Tomar

2016

–

–

CSK

HGSOC PDXs

Genome-wide methylation study

–

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[52]

Fang

2018

120

USA

DOK2

OC

Genome-wide methylation study

OVCAR3, SKOV3

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[53]

Yu

2011

–

–

PTK6, PRKCE, BCL2L1

–

Genome-wide methylation study

A2780CisR

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Cisplatin

[54]

Teschendorff

2015

134

UK

HOTAIR

OC

Genome-wide methylation study

–

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[55]

Tian

2019

16

China

hMSH2

EOC

Bisulfite sequencing

–

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[15]

Syed

2011

52

Germany

Plk2

EOC

MSP

A2780CisR, SKOV3CisR

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[56]

Leon

2016

–

–

TMEM88

OC xenografts

Genome-wide methylation study

–

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[57]

Mase

2019

78

Japan/China

ZNF671

HGSOC

Genome-wide methylation study

JHOS2/4, OVCAR3

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[58]

Baba

2009

–

–

CD133/PROM1

–

MSP

OVCAR8/432, A2780, PEO1

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[59]

Shang/Litkouhi

2013/2007

–

–

CLDN4

–

MSP

2008

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[60, 61]

Witham

2008

–

–

DNAJC15

–

Bisulfite sequencing

OVCAR3/4/5/8, SKOV3

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Platinum

[62]

Kritsch

2017

–

–

TRIB2

–

Genome-wide methylation study

A2780CisR, SKOV3CisR

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[10]

Lund

2017

–

–

KLF4

–

Genome-wide methylation study

M019iCisR, OC002CisR

Hypermethylation

Downregulation

Cisplatin

[11]

Tomar

2017

45

Netherlands

FZD10

HGSOC

Genome-wide methylation study

10 ovarian cancer cell lines

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[12]

Vaclavikova

2019

61

Czech Republic

ABCB1

EOC

Bisulfite sequencing

–

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Platinum

[63]

Yao/Duan

2004/1999

–

–

TRAG-3/CSAG2

–

COBRA

SKOV3

Hypomethylation

Upregulation

Taxol

[30, 65]

  1. EOC epithelial ovarian cancer, SOC serous ovarian cancer, HGSOC high-grade serous ovarian cancer, MSP methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, COBRA combined bisulfite restriction analysis, CisR cisplatin resistant, TR palitaxel resistant, CP carboplatin resistant