Fig. 3

Association between levels of nc886 RNAs and the epiallele methylation. RNA levels of nc886-3p, nc886-5p, and nc886-102nt are higher in individuals with a non-methylated (Non) than with a hemi-methylated (Hemi) nc886 epiallele in a whole blood and b in serum of the YFS cohort. Notably, those with an intermediately methylated nc886 epiallele (Inter in a) also have intermediate nc886 RNA levels. c Between tissue and time point correlation were mostly seen with nc886-5p RNA levels. d In iPSCs, we detected two expression clusters in all nc886 RNAs. Also, in iPSCs, the expression level was associated with nc886 epiallele methylation status (visualized as the color gradient, with color intensity increasing with increasing methylation level, the methylation beta values for iPSC and hepatocytes are also indicated on the X-axis). Furthermore, we see a trend towards decreasing nc886 RNA expression as the cells are differentiated from iPSCs into definitive endoderm (DE) cells and hepatocytes. Between-group comparisons analyzed with the Mann–Whitney test are presented by solid lines and those with the Kruskal–Wallis test over different methylation status groups by dotted lines in (a) and (b)