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Table 1 Demographics of patients with DNA methylation analyzed on the last day of PICU stay

From: Differential DNA methylation by early versus late parenteral nutrition in the PICU: a biological basis for its impact on emotional and behavioral problems documented 4 years later

Demographics

Tested post-PICU population

Early-PN

N = 192

Late-PN

N = 211

P valued

Age at 4-year follow-up—year

7.6 (4.2)

7.5 (4.1)

0.74

Sex

   

 Male

111 (57.8%)

125 (59.2%)

0.77

 Female

81 (42.2%)

86 (40.8%)

 

Known non-Caucasian racea

13 (6.8%)

7 (3.3%)

0.10

Known non-European origina

41 (21.4%)

30 (14.2%)

0.06

Known not exclusive Dutch or English language

49 (25.5%)

49 (23.2%)

0.59

Socioeconomic status

   

 Educational level parents/caregiversb

  

0.60

 Educational level 1

6 (3.1%)

11 (5.2%)

 

 Educational level 1.5

17 (8.9%)

12 (5.7%)

 

 Educational level 2

43 (22.4%)

53 (25.1%)

 

 Educational level 2.5

27 (14.1%)

34 (16.1%)

 

 Educational level 3

55 (28.7%)

60 (28.4%)

 

 Educational level unknown

44 (22.9%)

41 (19.4%)

 

Occupational level parents/caregiversc

  

0.10

 Occupational level 1

0 (0.0%)

5 (2.4%)

 

 Occupational level 1.5

18 (9.4%)

27 (12.8%)

 

 Occupational level 2

33 (17.2%)

35 (16.6%)

 

 Occupational level 2.5

19 (9.9%)

16 (7.6%)

 

 Occupational level 3

34 (17.7%)

45 (21.3%)

 

 Occupational level 3.5

14 (7.3%)

14 (6.6%)

 

 Occupational level 4

31 (16.2%)

37 (17.5%)

 

 Occupational level unknown

43 (22.4%)

32 (15.2%)

 
  1. Data are n (%) or mean (SD)
  2. PICU pediatric intensive care unit, PN parenteral nutrition, SD standard deviation
  3. aParticipants were classified according to race and geographical origin by the investigators. These classifications were performed to capture ethnical and regional differences in the frequency of consanguinity, which may adversely affect cognitive performance [7]
  4. bThe education level is described in Additional file 2
  5. cThe occupation level is described in Additional file 2
  6. dP values were calculated with Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests for continuous data, and Chi square tests for proportions