Fig. 1

Graphical representations of multidimensional scaling (MDS) analyses are shown in panels A–C for the double active (Lω) and single active treatment groups (LP, Pω), respectively, in comparison to the double placebo group (PP). Red dots represent the active treatment group, blue dots the placebo group. In panels D-F, volcano plots illustrate the distribution of DMCs when comparing each of the active treatment groups to the double placebo group (PP). DMCs are defined as having an MMD of > 5% along with an FDR-corrected p value of < 0.1, and are depicted as red dots. DMC—differentially methylated CpG, MDS—multidimensional scaling, MMD—mean methylation difference, L—Lactobacillus reuteri, ω—ω-3 fatty acids, P—placebo