Table 1 Characteristics of participating women by maternal pregnancy depressive symptoms, N = 373
From: DNA methylation in cord blood in association with prenatal depressive symptoms
Healthy controls N = 195 | Prenatal depressives symptoms N = 178 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | |||
Age, median (range) | 31.8 (23.0–48.0) | 30.0 (19.0–45.0) | 0.063 |
Born in Scandinavia, n (%)a | 183 (93.8) | 160 (89.9) | 0.277 |
Educational attainment, n (%)a | |||
University level | 169 (86.7) | 110 (62.9) | 0.000 |
Primipara, n (%) | 103 (52.8) | 83 (46.6) | 0.138 |
Body mass index (BMI), median (range)b | 22.6 (17.8–34.6) | 22.9 (17.6–38.9) | 0.342 |
Vaginal delivery, n (%) | 154 (79.0) | 135 (75.8) | 0.370 |
History of depression, n (%) | 0 (0) | 132 (74.2) | 0.000 |
Anxiety during pregnancy | 0 (0) | 101 (56.7) | 0.000 |
EPDSc, scores at gestational week 17, median (range) | 2 (0–11) | 13 (0–23) | 0.000 |
EPDSc, scores at gestational week 32, median (range) | 2 (0–11) | 13 (2–21) | 0.000 |
Child characteristics | |||
Sex of the child | |||
Boy | 97 (49.7) | 92 (50.2) | 0.678 |
Girl | 98 (50.3) | 84 (49.8) | |
Gestational age (days), median (range) | 281 (245–296) | 280 (250–296) | 0.044 |
Birth weight (kg) median (range) | 3.63 (1.62–5.0) | 3.65 (2.27–4.93) | 0.722 |