Fig. 2

Characteristics of 5hmC distribution in plasma cfDNA of DLBCL patients in the training cohort (n = 56). a Genome-wide 5hmC distribution in different genomic features grouped by R-CHOP treatment response (PDSD vs PRCR). b Volcano plot. Significantly altered genes (abs (log2 Foldchange) ≥ 0.5; p value < 0.01) are highlighted in red (up) or green (down) using the responder group (PRCR) as the reference (n = 205). Black dots represent the genes that are not differentially expressed. c, d Boxplots of FBXL4 and CTDP1 grouped by treatment response (PDSD vs PRCR). Log2 transformed of TMM normalized 5hmC enrichment values were plotted, and the Wilcoxon t test was used. e Mean log2 Foldchange value of 205 DhMRs across different genomic features (Orange for 124 5hmC-up DhMRs, blue for 81 5hmC-down DhMRs, red for all 205 DhMRs). f Heatmap of 205 DhMRs markers with treatment response, batch, and sex information labeled. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was performed across genes and samples