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Table 1 Population characteristics

From: Smoking-related changes in DNA methylation and gene expression are associated with cardio-metabolic traits

 

Discovery dataset

Replication dataset

Gene expression data set

DNA methylation data set

Gene expression data set

DNA methylation data set

N

716

1412

687

1727

Female

389 (54.3%)

791 (56.0%)

339 (49.3%)

882 (51.0%)

Age (years)

59.8 (± 8.1)

63.6 (± 8.1)

69.1 (± 4.4)

61.0 (± 8.8)

BMI (kg/m2)

27.6 (± 4.6)

27.7 (± 4.4)

28.9 (± 4.5)

28.1 (± 4.8)

WHR

0.9 (± 0.1)

0.9 (± 0.1)

0.9 (± 0.1)

0.9 (± 0.1)

Current smokers

193 (27.0%)

266 (18.0%)

53 (7.7%)

250 (14.5%)

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.5 (± 0.9)

1.5 (± 0.8)

1.5 (± 0.9)

1.5 (± 1.1)

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.4 (± 0.4)

1.5 (± 0.4)

1.4 (± 0.4)

1.5 (± 0.4)

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.9 (± 1.0)

3.8 (± 1.0)

3.7 (± 0.9)

3.6 (± 0.9)

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.6 (± 1.1)

5.5 (± 1.0)

5.8 (± 1.0)

5.7 (± 1.0)

Lipid lowering medication (yes)

190 (26.5%)

404 (28.6%)

172 (25.0%)

283 (16.4%)

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

134.2 (± 19.8)

139.5 (± 21.5)

128.7 (± 19.4)

124.8 (± 18.7)

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

82.8 (± 11.4)

83.6 (± 11.5)

74.7 (± 10.0)

76.1 (± 10.0)

Anti-hypertensive medication (yes)

215 (30.0%)

517 (36.6%)

383 (55.7%)

650 (37.6%)

Glucose (mmol/L)

5.6 (± 1.0)

5.6 (± 1.1)

NA

NA

Insulin (pmol/L)

96.0 (± 63.0)

89.3 (± 56.6)

88.2 (± 122.0)

81.3 (± 91.0)

Anti-diabetic medication (yes)

39 (5.4%)

95 (6.7%)

76 (11.1%)

134 (7.8%)

  1. Values are presented as mean ± (SD) or N (%)
  2. BMI body mass index, WHR waist to hip ratio, HDL high-density lipoproteins, LDL low-density lipoprotein
  3. The participants included in the gene expression data are a subset of the total DNA methylation dataset
  4. NA not applicable; the associations with glucose levels in model 2 from the discovery did not pass the significance threshold