Table 1 Participant characteristics

Age (years)

24 (22-26)

28 (24-36)

0.004

Black^a

14 (51.9)

14 (51.9)

SES

16.8 (11.6-22.6)

20.1 (10.6-23.1)

0.843

Smoking (yes)^a

7 (25.9)

7 (25.9)

0.936

Alcohol consumption (g)

4.7 (0-24.6)

3.8 (0-16.1)

0.854

BMI (kg/m²)

22.9 (21.7-23.7)

38.3 (34.3-41.6)

<0.001

Fat (%)

29.7 (25.9-35.1)

47.0 (43.5-49.6)

<0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

78.3 (74.0-82.0)

112.5 (102.6-118.5)

<0.001

GSAT (kg)

4.6 (4.0-5.2)

5.9 (5.4-6.5)

0.001

ASAT (cm²)

169.7 (134.7-225.6)

558.2 (480.2-620.3)

<0.001

VAT (cm²)

54.3 (42.6-77.2)

107.7 (80.3-173.7)

<0.001

Fasting Glucose (mmol/L)

4.4 (4.1-4.6)

4.5 (4.4-4. 7)

0.027

Fasting Insulin (mU/L)

5.1 (3.5-8.5)

12.5 (7.1-16.9)

0.001

HOMA-IR

0.9 (0.7-1.7)

2.5 (1.1-3.3)

<0.001

S_I (·10^-4 min^-1/[μU/ml])

4.1 (1.4-6.2)

1.8 (1.0-3.6)

0.011

C-reactive protein (mg/l)

1.2 (0.6-3.8)

7.9 (3.4-8.7)

<0.001

Adiponectin (ng/ml)

6.5 (4.1-9.5)

3.5 (2.1-5.8)

<0.001

Leptin (ng/ml)

15.2 (7.8-20.5)

59.0 (47.9-66.2)

<0.001