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Table 3 Multiple linear regression analysis showing the association of smoking and PM2.5 with AHRR cg05575921 methylation in the study participants stratified by sex

From: AHRR cg05575921 methylation in relation to smoking and PM2.5 exposure among Taiwanese men and women

Variable

Men

Women

β

P value

β

P value

Smoking status (reference: never)

 Former

− 0.04274

< 0.0001

− 0.01937

0.0417

 Current

− 0.17700

< 0.0001

− 0.17255

< 0.0001

 P-trend

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

PM2.5

− 0.00163

0.0017

− 0.00105

0.0015

Age

− 0.00045

0.1311

− 0.00033

0.0944

Exercise (reference: no)

 Yes

− 0.00015

0.9809

0.00292

0.4678

BMI

0.00001

0.9881

0.00103

0.0433

Alcohol drinking (reference: no)

 Former

− 0.01034

0.4041

0.03269

0.1040

 Current

0.00127

0.8913

0.03218

0.1065

Secondhand smoke exposure (reference: no)

 Yes

− 0.00070

0.9394

0.00366

0.5525