Fig. 2

Cell-free 5mC for detection of PDAC. T-SNE plot (a) and heatmap (b) of 5mC FPKM from the training set and the validation set based on the 688 differentially methylated peaks (DMPs). Hierarchical clustering was performed across peaks and samples. c Performance of the 5mC model in the training set and the validation set. d Boxplot of the wd-scores calculating with the 5mC model for the PDAC samples and the healthy controls. e Boxplot of the wd-scores of the PDAC patients with jaundice and those without jaundice. f Boxplot of the wd-scores of the resectable PDAC patients and the unresectable patients. g Genome Browser view of the 5hmC peaks in MCU gene in chromosome 10 shows a marker locating within the gene (boxed region: chr10: 74510104-74510305). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 1e−5, Wilcoxon test. PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; AUC, area under the curve; wd-score, weighted diagnosis score