Table 1 Clinicopathologic associations of PKMTs
From: Clinicopathologic significance of protein lysine methyltransferases in cancer
EZH2 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K27 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
High histologic grade High proliferation index Triple-negative histology Advanced TNM stage Presence of metastasis at diagnosis | Independent predictor of worse disease-specific survival | |
High histologic grade Advanced TNM stage Squamous cell histology | Independent predictor of worse overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma | |
Advanced TNM stage Increased invasion depth | Conflicting studies: • Independent predictor of worse overall survival • Independent predictor of improved overall survival | |
Aggressive serous papillary and clear cell subtypes High histologic grade High nuclear grade Advanced clinical FIGO stage | Independent predictor of worse overall and progression-free survival | |
Gastric cancer [18] | No correlation data available | Independent predictor of worse overall and progression-free survival |
Lymph node metastasis Seminal vesicle invasion Poorly differentiated tumors | Independent predictor of worse recurrence-free and overall survival | |
Advanced clinical stage High histologic grade | Independent predictor of worse overall survival | |
High histologic grade Advanced clinical stage Tumor stage Lymph node metastasis | Independent predictor of worse overall survival | |
EHMT2 (G9a) | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K9 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
No correlation data available | Independent predictor of worse overall and recurrence-free survival in NSCLC | |
Gastric cancer [27] | Advanced clinical stage Lymph node metastasis | Independent predictor of worse overall survival |
Hepatocellular carcinoma [28] | No correlation data available | Independent predictor of worse overall survival |
Ovarian cancer [29] | Advanced clinical stage High histologic grade Serous histology | No association |
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck [30] | No correlation data available | Predictor of worse overall survival (no multivariate analysis was conducted to determine if EHMT2 is an independent prognostic factor) |
SMYD2 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K4/H3K36 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
Gastric cancer [31] | Lymph node metastasis Tumor size Depth of tumor invasion | Independent predictor of worse overall survival |
Hepatocellular carcinoma [32] | Vascular invasion Tumor size Advanced clinical stage Poorly differentiated tumors | Independent predictor of worse overall survival |
SMYD3 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K4/H4K5/H4K20 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
Hepatocellular carcinoma [33] | Tumor size | Independent predictor of worse overall survival |
Prostate cancer [34] | No correlation data available | Independent predictor of worse overall survival |
NSD2 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K36 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
Endometrial cancer [35] | Lymphovascular invasion High histologic grade Lymph node metastasis Depth of myometrial invasion Advanced FIGO clinical stage | Independent predictor of worse overall and progression-free survival |
Prostate cancer [36] | No correlation data available | Independent predictor of biochemical recurrence |
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck [37] | Poorly differentiated tumors | No correlation data available |
NSD3 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K36 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck [38] | Poorly differentiated tumors | No association |
SETD7 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K4 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
Breast cancer [39] | Advanced nodal stage | Independent predictor of worse disease-free and overall survival in all breast cancer subtypes |
Hepatocellular carcinoma [40] | Tumor size High histologic grade | Independent predictor of worse overall survival |
SETD1A | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K4 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
Breast cancer [41] | Advanced TNM stage Vascular invasion Metastasis | Independent predictor of worse overall survival in TNBC |
SETDB1 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K9 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
High histologic grade Advanced TNM stage | Independent predictor of worse overall survival | |
Progressively increasing SETDB1 protein levels from normal liver to chronic hepatitis to HCC | No correlation data available | |
EHMT1 | ||
Canonical histone modification: H3K9 methylation | ||
Cancer type | Correlation with clinicopathologic features | Effect on overall survival |
Gastric cancer [46] | Tumor stage Lymph node metastasis | No correlation data available |