Fig. 5

Alterations to immune genes precede development of depression in an independent cohort. a EpiDISH cell-type fraction estimation for epithelial and immune cells for the Student Wellbeing Study (SWS); differences were significant by Kruskal-Wallis test (*p < 0.05). b EpiDISH analysis of saliva samples taken from at-risk adolescent girls prior to development of major depressive disorder (MDD; 58); ns, not significant, KW test. c Gene ontology analysis of the top 3000 ranked differentially methylated gene bodies from the MDD study shows significant enrichment for immune system response terms. d Top 1000 gene bodies gaining methylation in the SWS and the MDD cohorts showing overlap; top hits already identified in the SWS cohort are indicated. e Top 1000 promoter regions indicating shared targets between the two cohorts as in d