Characteristics | Cases (n = 143) | Controls (n = 1460) | p valuea |
---|
Age (years) | 63.7 (6.2) | 61.8 (6.5) | 0.0011 |
Sex | | | |
Male | 90 (62.9) | 643 (44.0) | < 0.0001 |
Smoking statusb | | | |
Never smoker | 17 (12.1) | 704 (49.7) | |
Former smoker | 53 (37.9) | 473 (33.4) | |
Current smoker | 70 (50.0) | 239 (16.9) | < 0.0001 |
Heavy smokersc | 69 (48.3) | 205 (14.0) | < 0.0001 |
Pack-yearsd | 34.8 (24.8) | 12.1 (17.5) | < 0.0001 |
GRSe | | | |
Q1 (< 24) | 20 (14.0) | 319 (21.8) | |
Q2 (24, 27) | 29 (20.3) | 379 (26.0) | |
Q3 (27, 30) | 41 (28.7) | 375 (25.7) | |
Q4 (≥ 30) | 53 (37.1) | 387 (26.5) | 0.0110 |
MRSe | | | |
Q1 (< − 0.10) | 6 (4.2) | 365 (25.0) | |
Q2 (− 0.10, + 0.15) | 11 (7.7) | 365 (25.0) | |
Q3 (+ 0.15, + 0.53) | 28 (19.6) | 365 (25.0) | |
Q4 (≥ + 0.53) | 98 (68.5) | 365 (25.0) | < 0.0001 |
- Means (standard deviation) for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables
- GRS genetic risk score, MRS methylation risk score, Q quartile
- aFisher’s exact test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon test for continuous variables
- bData missing for 3 cases and 44 controls; never smoker was defined as an adult who has never smoked, or who has smoked less than 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime; former smoker was defined as an adult who has smoked at least 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime but who had quit smoking at the time of interview; current smoker was defined as an adult who has smoked 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime and who currently smokes cigarettes
- cHeavy smokers were defined as participants with ≥ 30 pack-years of smoking who were either current smokers or had quit smoking ≤ 15 years ago
- dData missing for 15 cases and 137 controls
- eClassified according to quartiles of GRS (MRS) among controls