Replication and expansion of epigenome-wide association literature in a black South African population

Clinical Epigenetics

Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the study and reference cohorts

Trait	PURE-SA-NW	Reference study	Comparative PURE-SA-NW	Reference study citation
N	120	See Additional file 1
Age (years)	64 [55–70]	62 [58 − 67]	64 [55–70]	[19]
BMI (kg/m²)	22.5 ± 4.9	27.6 ± 4.4^a,e	22.4 ± 5.0	[20]
BMI (kg/m²)	22.5 ± 4.9	27.7 ± 4.5^b,e	22.4 ± 5.0	[20]
WC (cm)	83.8 ± 12.8	101 ± 15.1^c,e	83.6 ± 12.7	[9]
WC (cm)	83.8 ± 12.8	97 ± 16^d,e	83.6 ± 12.7	[21]
Physical activity (index)	2.41 ± 0.94
Smoking status [N (%)]
Never smoker	56 (47)	6956 (74)^b,d,e	56 (48)	[4]
Current smoker	61 (51)	2433 (26)^b,d,e	61 (52)	[4]
Ever smoker	64 (53)
Alcohol use [N (%)]
Never user	56 (47)
Ever user	64 (53)
Alcohol consumption (g/day)	16.7 ± 36.6	1.3 (0, 301)^c	0 (0, 240)	[5]
Alcohol consumption (g/day)	16.7 ± 36.6	5.6 (0, 181)^d	0 (0, 240)	[5]
CRP (mg/L)	9.7 ± 27.2	6.2 ± 8.8^c,e	9.9 ± 27.5	[22]
CRP (mg/L)	9.7 ± 27.2	3.3 ± 5.6^d,e	9.9 ± 27.5	[22]
TC (mg/dL)	171 ± 41.6	207 ± 37.1^d,e	171 ± 41.6	[3]
LDL-C (mg/dL)	96.5 ± 35.7	125 ± 30.9^d,e	96.5 ± 35.7
HLD-C (mg/dL)	54.1 ± 22.7	57.0 ± 16.8^d	54.1 ± 22.7
TG (mg/dL)	48.5 ± 30.5	126 ± 69.0^d,e	48.5 ± 30.5
Education [N (%)]
None	26 (22)
1–7 years of schooling	66 (55)
8–12 years of schooling	28 (23)
Blood cell type proportions (%)
B cells	0.04 ± 0.02
CD4 T cells	0.11 ± 0.04
CD8 T cells	0.11 ± 0.06
Granulocytes	0.47 ± 0.11
Monocytes	0.09 ± 0.02
Natural killer cells	0.11 ± 0.03

BMI body mass index, CRP C-reactive protein, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, WC waist circumference. Values are presented as median [IQR], mean ± standard deviation, N (%) or median (minimum, maximum). Blood cell proportions were determined using methylation-based estimates [23]
^aIndian Asian ancestry
^bEuropean American ancestry
^cAfrican American ancestry
^dEuropean ancestry
^ePopulation means differ between the reference study and comparative PURE-SA-NW study population at p < 0.05 following Bonferroni adjustment

ISSN: 1868-7083