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Table 1 Demographic and clinical parameters of patients without and with early weight gain

From: Psychotropic drug-induced genetic-epigenetic modulation of CRTC1 gene is associated with early weight gain in a prospective study of psychiatric patients

 

N

All patients (n = 78)

Controls1 (n = 39)

Cases1 (n = 39)

p value2

Age, median (IQR), years

78

37 (27–51)

40 (28–56)

37 (25–50)

0.47

Men, n (%)

78

39 (50.0)

19 (48.7)

20 (51.3)

0.82

Smoking at baseline, n (%)

74

37 (50.0)

23 (63.9)

14 (36.8)

0.02

Diagnosis, n (%)

78

    

 Psychotic disorders

 

35 (44.9)

17 (43.6)

18 (46.2)

0.82

 Schizoaffective disorders

 

9 (11.5)

5 (12.8)

4 (10.3)

0.72

 Bipolar disorders

 

18 (23.1)

12 (30.8)

6 (15.4)

0.11

 Depressive disorders

 

6 (7.7)

2 (5.1)

4 (10.3)

0.4

 Organic disorders

 

3 (3.9)

1 (2.6)

2 (5.1)

0.56

 Other

 

6 (7.7)

2 (5.1)

4 (10.3)

0.4

 Not available

 

1 (1.3)

0

1 (2.6)

0.31

Psychiatric illness duration, median (IQR), years

65

6 (2–11)

8 (2–13)

6 (2–10)

0.42

Medication, n (%)

78

    

 Amisulpride

 

3 (3.9)

0

3 (7.7)

0.08

 Aripiprazole

 

9 (11.5)

5 (12.8)

4 (10.3)

0.72

 Clozapine

 

4 (5.1)

2 (5.1)

2 (5.1)

1

 Lithium

 

8 (10.3)

5 (12.8)

3 (7.7)

0.46

 Mirtazapine

 

3 (3.9)

2 (5.1)

1 (2.6)

0.56

 Olanzapine

 

19 (24.4)

8 (20.5)

11 (28.2)

0.43

 Quetiapine

 

23 (29.5)

13 (33.3)

10 (25.6)

0.46

 Risperidone

 

8 (10.3)

3 (7.7)

5 (12.8)

0.46

 Valproate

 

1 (1.3)

1 (2.6)

0

0.31

Medication groups, n (%)3

78

    

 Low propensity for WG

 

12 (15.4)

5 (12.8)

7 (18.0)

0.53

 Moderate propensity for WG

 

42 (53.9)

23 (59.0)

19 (48.7)

0.36

 High propensity for WG

 

24 (30.8)

11 (28.2)

13 (33.3)

0.62

Baseline BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2

77

22.3 (19.8–25.6)

23.5 (21.3–26.4)

21.9 (18.6–25.4)

0.1

BMI at first month, median (IQR), kg/m2

77

23.8 (21.2–26.7)

23.7 (21.6–26.7)

23.9 (20.6–27.0)

0.94

Overweight prevalence (BMI ≥ 25 < 30 kg/m2), n(%)

77

    

 Baseline

 

24 (31.2)

14 (36.8)

10 (25.6)

0.29

 First month

 

28 (36.4)

14 (36.8)

14 (35.9)

0.93

 p value4

 

0.04

1

0.04

 

Obesity prevalence (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), n (%)

77

    

 Baseline

 

7 (9.1)

4 (10.5)

3 (7.7)

0.67

 First month

 

9 (11.7)

4 (10.5)

5 (12.8)

0.75

 p value4

 

0.16

1

0.16

 

WG, median (IQR), %

78

3.8 (0–7.7)

0 (0–1.4)

7.7 (5.8–10.9)

< 0.0001

  1. BMI body mass index, WG weight gain
  2. 1Patients whose weight gain during the first month of treatment was between 0 and 2.5% were considered as controls, whereas patients whose weight gain during the first month of treatment was equal or higher than 5% were considered as cases
  3. 2p values were calculated using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables and χ2 tests for categorical variables
  4. 3Amisulpride and aripiprazole were considered as drugs with a low propensity for WG; lithium, mirtazapine, quetiapine, and risperidone were classified in the group with moderate propensity for WG, whereas clozapine, olanzapine, and valproate were considered as having a high propensity for WG
  5. 4McNemar tests were conducted to test for the difference between overweight and obesity between baseline and the first month of treatment.
  6. Italic indicates significant p values
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Clinical Epigenetics

ISSN: 1868-7083

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