Fig. 3

Validation of DNA methylation levels in training and testing sets, and construction of OC-risk scores. a and b Distribution of DNA methylation levels in cervical scrapings from training and testing sets. We detected the methylation levels of AMPD3, AOX1, NRN1, and TBX5, and used those with the better significance for distinguishing normal controls and ovarian carcinomas, in the training set. These four genes also confirmed a significant difference between normal controls and ovarian carcinomas in the testing set. The distribution of risk score in cervical scrapings from the training set (c) and testing set (d). P values were compared with normal and disease using two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. ***< 0.001; *< 0.05. OC-risk score equation = (− 0.47) × ΔCp of AMPD3 + (− 0.41) × ΔCp of NRN1 + (− 0.57) × ΔCp of TBX15 + 6.38. OC, ovarian carcinoma; AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; Sen., sensitivity; Spe., specificity