Dietary intakes and biomarker patterns of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 can be associated with cognitive impairment by hypermethylation of redox-related genes NUDT15 and TXNRD1

Table 9 Effects of DNA methylation and the interaction with B vitamin biomarkers on global and domain-specific cognitive performance

Cognitive performance		NUDT15	NUDT15×Folate	NUDT15×Hcy	TXNRD1	TXNRD1×Folate	TXNRD1×Hcy
MMSE	B	− 0.018	0.044	− 0.082	− 0.005	0.147	− 0.103
MMSE	P value	0.809	0.559	0.287	0.947	0.048*	0.178
MoCA	B	− 0.127	0.096	− 0.325	− 0.124	0.268	− 0.345
MoCA	P value	0.077	0.183	< 0.001*	0.082	< 0.001*	< 0.001*
AVLT-IR	B	− 0.026	0.102	− 0.125	− 0.123	0.163	− 0.259
AVLT-IR	P value	0.752	0.208	0.130	0.126	0.042*	0.001*
AVLT-SR	B	0.013	0.066	− 0.055	− 0.082	0.022	− 0.151
AVLT-SR	P value	0.870	0.39	0.489	0.283	0.775	0.056
AVLT-LR	B	− 0.004	0.063	− 0.062	− 0.054	0.090	− 0.151
AVLT-LR	P value	0.960	0.421	0.442	0.487	0.251	0.060
SDMT	B	− 0.086	− 0.002	− 0.132	− 0.090	0.051	− 0.137
SDMT	P value	0.213	0.980	0.059	0.185	0.456	0.049*
LMT	B	− 0.046	0.098	− 0.187	− 0.129	0.091	− 0.269
LMT	P value	0.549	0.194	0.015*	0.186	0.231	< 0.001*
DSF	B	− 0.087	0.034	− 0.221	− 0.095	0.106	− 0.252
DSF	P value	0.262	0.664	0.005*	0.223	0.174	0.001*
DSB	B	− 0.064	− 0.003	− 0.079	0.020	0.118	− 0.052
DSB	P value	0.410	0.969	0.314	0.797	0.127	0.509

MMSE mini-mental state examination, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, AVLT-IR auditory verbal learning test-immediate recall, AVLT-SR auditory verbal learning test-short recall, AVLT-LR auditory verbal learning test-long recall, SDMT symbol digit modalities test, LMT logical memory test, DSF digit span forwards, DSB digit span backwards, Hcy homocysteine, NUDT15 nudix hydrolase 15, TXNRD1 thioredoxin reductase 1
B: standardized regression coefficients of multiple linear regression
^∗P < 0.05

ISSN: 1868-7083