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Table 1 Associations between mean methylation level of the CASP8 gene and risk of NTDs

From: Casp8 hypomethylation and neural tube defects in association with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure

Group

n

Mean methylation (% ± SE)

p value

OR (95% CI)

Adjusted-OR (95% CI)a

Total NTDs b

80

0.368 (0.012)c

< 0.001

1.10 (1.06, 1.14)

1.11 (1.05, 1.17)

Anencephaly

33

0.381 (0.018)

< 0.001

1.08 (1.04, 1.13)

1.11 (1.03, 1.19)

Spina bifida

39

0.359 (0.018)

< 0.001

1.09 (1.04, 1.13)

1.11 (1.04, 1.18)

Controls

32

0.547 (0.031)

–

1.0

1.0

  1. Note: SE standard error, OR odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, NTDs neural tube defects
  2. aMaternal general characteristics and exposure, including educational level, occupation, parity, unplanned pregnancy, and periconceptional folate supplementation, which were unevenly distributed between the case and control groups, were adjusted in the logistic regression model
  3. bSubtype analyses were not performed in eight encephalocele cases
  4. cTo more easily explain the regression coefficient, we took the negative centuplicate value of the methylation data into the model