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Table 2 Table of characteristics for case-control pairs in EPIC-Italy and the Generations Study

From: Epigenome-wide association study for lifetime estrogen exposure identifies an epigenetic signature associated with breast cancer risk

 

EPIC-Italy

The Generations Study

 

Cases (n = 162)

Controls (n = 162)

Cases (n = 339)

Controls (n = 339)

P b

Age

Mean (st.dev.), years

52.9 (7.2)

53.0 (7.1)

53.9 (10.3)

54.1 (10.4)

0.054

Time to diagnosis

Mean (st.dev.), years

5.3 (4.4)

NA

4.0 (2.4)

NA

0.022

Menopausal status

n (%)

    

0.690

 Premenopausal

52 (32.1%)

49 (30.2%)

135 (39.8%)

127 (37.5%)

 

 Postmenopausal

85 (52.5%)

87 (53.7%)

204 (60.2%)

212 (62.5%)

 

Age at menarche

Mean (st.dev.), years

12.7 (1.4)

12.7 (1.7)

12.7 (1.4)

12.7 (1.5)

0.914

Age at menopause

Mean (st.dev.), years

50.2 (3.7)

49.1 (3.8)

50.3 (4.3)

50.1 (4.5)

0.126

Number of pregnancies

Mean (st.dev.)

1.6 (1.1)

1.7 (1.0)

1.9 (1.1)

1.9 (1.2)

4 × 10 −4

Ever breastfed

n (%)

103 (63.6%)

112 (69.1%)

265 (78.2%)

274 (80.8%)

0.179

Breastfeeding duration

Mean (st.dev.), years

0.7 (0.6)

0.8 (0.7)

0.9 (1.0)

0.8 (0.9)

2 × 10 −5

BMI

Mean (st.dev.), kg/m2

25.8 (4.1)

25.3 (4.3)

25.7 (4.3)

25.2 (4.3)

0.626

Alcohol consumptiona

Mean (st.dev.)

5.5 (7.0)

7.4 (9.9)

15.8 (16.7)

14.6 (15.5)

2 × 10 −26

Smoking status

n (%)

    

8 × 10 −10

 Smoker

31 (19.1%)

36 (22.2%)

25 (7.4%)

23 (6.8%)

 

 Former

23 (14.2%)

41 (25.3%)

98 (28.9%)

86 (25.4%)

 

 Never

106 (65.4%)

85 (52.5%)

216 (63.7%)

230 (67.9%)

 

Smoking duration

Mean (st.dev.), years

8.1 (12.6)

10.6 (13.4)

4.4 (9.0)

3.9 (9.0)

4 × 10 −10

OC ever

n (%)

59 (36.4 %)

67 (41.4 %)

253 (74.6%)

256 (75.5%)

< 2 × 10 −16

OC duration

Mean (st.dev.), years

4.1 (5.1)

5.6 (5.8)

8.1 (6.4)

8.8 (6.8)

4 × 10 −9

HRT ever

n (%)

23 (14.2 %)

28 (17.3 %)

239 (70.5%)

241 (71.1%)

2 × 10 −7

HRT duration

Mean (st.dev.), years

2.8 (2.7)

2.6 (3.4)

6.7 (5.7)

5.4 (4.3)

5 × 10 −8

  1. aAlcohol consumption in the Generations Study reported in average units per week, converted to average gram per day by multiplying with 8 (1 unit = 8 g alcohol) and dividing by 7
  2. bP values indicate differences between all subjects from EPIC-Italy and all subjects from the Generations Study: t test for continuous variables, chi-squared test for categorical variables
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Clinical Epigenetics

ISSN: 1868-7083

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