Table 2 Variables associated with gestational diabetes mellitus

Variable

Healthy control group (n = 40)

Gestational diabetes mellitus group (n = 40)

P value^a

  Fasting glucose, mmol/L

4.01 ± 0.31

4.81 ± 0.58

0.000*

  1-h glucose, mmol/L

6.82 ± 1.27

9.83 ± 1.37

0.000*

  2-h glucose, mmol/L

5.95 ± 0.95

8.54 ± 0.85

0.000*

  ALT, U/L

16.85 ± 7.54

14.96 ± 12.30

0.064

  AST, U/L

20.07 ± 4.56

18.16 ± 7.62

0.083

  TBA, umol/l

2.39 ± 1.31

2.90 ± 2.01

0.306

  Hemoglobin, g/L

111.69 ± 14.97

115.10 ± 9.60

0.306

  Triglycerides, mmol/L

3.07 ± 1.14

3.66 ± 1.61

0.029*

  Total cholesterol, mmol/L

5.70 ± 0.83

5.72 ± 0.90

0.798

  HDL-C, mmol/L

1.91 ± 0.22

1.83 ± 0.32

0.721

  LDL-C, mmol/L

3.43 ± 0.48

3.23 ± 0.63

0.721

 GHBA1, %

6.41 ± 0.44

7.10 ± 0.90

0.003*

 GHBA1c, %

4.71 ± 0.24

5.23 ± 0.56

0.001*

  Ferritin, umol/l

21.63 ± 26.56

21.82 ± 14.73

0.55

  Folic acid, nmol/L

26.57 ± 12.36

29.20 ± 16.32

0.684

  Vitamin B12, pmol/L

265.39 ± 107.12

245.82 ± 55.51

0.987

Variable

Healthy control group (n = 65)

Gestational diabetes mellitus group (n = 65)

P value^a

 GHBA1, %

–

7.25 ± 0.99

–

 GHBA1c, %

–

5.45 ± 0.61

–

 Hemoglobin, g/L

125.83 ± 10.8

125.09 ± 13.68

0.733

  ALT, U/L

13.65 ± 9.23

13.69 ± 5.95

0.479

  AST, U/L

20.29 ± 5.64

20.37 ± 5.87

0.887

  Glucose, mmol/l

4.19 ± 0.61

4.63 ± 1.14

0.007*

  Triglycerides, mmol/L

2.76 ± 0.98

3.61 ± 1.59

0.000*

  Total cholesterol, mmol/L

5.80 ± 1.17

5.74 ± 1.09

0.793

  HDL-C, mmol/L

1.95 ± 0.41

1.78 ± 0.34

0.009*

  LDL-C, mmol/L

3.35 ± 0.84

3.28 ± 0.87

0.596

  APOA1, g/L

2.26 ± 0.39

2.16 ± 0.29

0.188

  APOE, g/L

1.26 ± 0.29

1.26 ± 0.28

0.993

  APOB, mg/dL

8.31 ± 1.46

9.07 ± 2.03

0.018*

  TBA, umol/l

3.37 ± 2.46

3.58 ± 2.37

0.241

  K, mmol/l

3.93 ± 0.29

3.94 ± 0.28

0.576

  NA, mmol/l

138.68 ± 1.51

138.48 ± 1.59

0.464

  CA, mmol/l

2.18 ± 0.11

2.20 ± 0.11

0.686

  P, mmol/l

1.22 ± 0.21

1.23 ± 0.15

0.422

  Mg, mmol/l

0.71 ± 0.09

0.71 ± 0.14

0.880

  Ferritin, umol/l

28.48 ± 18.91

28.19 ± 21.09

0.108

  Folic acid, nmol/L

28.22 ± 11.59

31.52 ± 11.64

0.503

 Vitamin B12, pmol/L

232.05 ± 92.71

242.25 ± 80.16

0.733