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Table 2 Adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for idiopathic male infertility by methylation status of imprinted genes

From: Idiopathic male infertility is strongly associated with aberrant DNA methylation of imprinted loci in sperm: a case-control study

Gene

Methylation

Control (n = 59)a

Case

   

Case 1 (n = 39)b

Case 2 (n = 45)c

Case 3 (n = 51)d

Case all (n = 135)e

  

n (%)

n (%)

OR (95% CI)f

n (%)

OR (95% CI)e

n (%)

OR (95% CI)e

n (%)

OR (95% CI)e

H19

Normal

57 (96.6)

37 (94.9)

1.00

44 (97.8)

1.00

28 (54.9)

1.00

109 (80.7)

1.00

 

Aberrant

2 (3.4)

2 (5.1)

1.66 (0.20–13.48)

1 (2.2)

0.60 (0.05–7.43)

23 (45.1)

28.52 (5.85–139.06)

26 (19.3)

7.61 (1.71–33.80)

GNAS

Normal

58 (98.3)

33 (84.6)

1.00

36 (80.0)

1.00

37 (72.5)

1.00

106 (78.5)

1.00

 

Aberrant

1 (1.7)

6 (15.4)

12.89 (1.35–122.79)

9 (20.0)

14.91 (1.76–126.58)

14 (27.5)

25.35 (3.10–207.00)

29 (21.5)

17.53 (2.29–134.19)

DIRAS3

Normal

57 (96.6)

35 (89.7)

1.00

35 (77.8)

1.00

35 (68.6)

1.00

105 (77.8)

1.00

 

Aberrant

2 (3.4)

4 (10.3)

4.17 (0.61–28.58)

10 (22.2)

9.11 (1.76–47.16)

16 (31.4)

19.79 (3.69–106.03)

30 (22.2)

9.02 (2.01–40.58)

  1. ORs adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status, alcohol drinking, and abstinence time
  2. aControl: fertile men.
  3. bCase 1: idiopathic infertile men with normozoospermia (sperm concentration ≥ 20 × 106/ml)
  4. cCase 2: idiopathic infertile men with moderate oligozoospermia (sperm concentration 5–20 × 106/ml)
  5. dCase 3: idiopathic infertile men with severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration < 5 × 106/ml)
  6. eCase all: the sum of case 1, case 2, and case 3