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Fig. 5 | Clinical Epigenetics

Fig. 5

From: The polyphenol quercetin induces cell death in leukemia by targeting epigenetic regulators of pro-apoptotic genes

Fig. 5

Quercetin treatment decreased DNMTs and class I HDACs protein expression in samples from xenograft models. a Xenograft model with HL60 and U937 cell lines. HL60 or U937 cells (1 × 107) were injected s.c. into the flank of NOD/SCID mice. After the tumor grew to about 100 to 200 mm3, mice were treated without or with quercetin (120 mg/kg), once every 4 days. The control group received equal amounts of vehicle solution, as indicated in the “Methods” section. After 21 days of treatment, tumors were harvested and Western blotting of DNMT1, DNMT3a, p-STAT3, and STAT3 was performed. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05;**p < 0.005, when compared to control group treated with vehicle only (HL60 xenograft model: control group n = 4; treated group n = 5; U937 xenograft model: control group n = 5; treated group n = 7). b Quercetin downregulates DNMT1, DNMT3a, and STAT3 and upregulates DAPK1, BCL2L11, APAF1, BAX, BNIP3, and BNIP3L mRNA expression levels. mRNA levels are expressed as mean ± SD.*p < 0.05;**p < 0.001 when compared to control group (HL60 xenograft model: control group n = 4; treated group n = 5; U937 xenograft model: control group n = 5; treated group n = 7). c After 21 days of treatment, tumors were harvested and Western blotting of HDAC1 and 2 was performed. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.005 when compared to control group treated with vehicle only (HL60 xenograft model: control group n = 4; treated group n = 5; U937 xenograft model: control group n = 5; treated group n = 7)

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