Fig. 6

Smoking-DMS and smoking-DES relate to future changes in visceral fat mass on smoking cessation. a Adiposity phenotype changes over a 5-year time period between time point 1 (2007–2008) and time point 2 (2012–2013). Adiposity phenotypes include BMI, total fat mass (TFM), android-to-gynoid fat ratio (AGR), and visceral fat mass (VFM). Phenotype changes are shown for five categories of subjects: current smokers at the two time points (S-S, n = 12), current smokers at time point 1 who quit smoking by time point 2 (S-E, n = 5), ex-smokers (who quit smoking within 1–5 year) at time point 1 who remain ex-smokers at time point 2 (E1-E5, n = 13), ex-smokers who quit > 5 years at time point 1 who remain ex-smokers at time point 2 (E5+, n = 92), and non-smokers at both time points (N-N, n = 124). b Left panel shows the association between DNA methylation levels at cg16320419 in BHLHE40 and future changes in visceral fat mass in 18 subjects in categories S-E and E1-E5 (red points), compared to all remaining subjects (gray points). Right panel shows methylation cessation patterns at cg16320419 in BHLHE40. c Association between DNA methylation (left panel, red points) and gene expression (right panel, blue points) in AHRR with future changes in visceral fat mass in 18 subjects in categories S-E and E1-E5, compared to all remaining subjects (gray points)