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Table 1 Plasma BCAT1, IKZK1 and overall ctDNA positivity for different clinicopathological findings of patients with invasive colorectal cancer (n = 187)

From: Circulating tumour DNA for monitoring colorectal cancer—a prospective cohort study to assess relationship to tissue methylation, cancer characteristics and surgical resection

Factor

Category

N

Methylated BCAT1 DNA

Methylated IKZF1 DNA

ctDNA positivity (combined BCAT1/IKZF1)

   

No. positive

% positive (95% CI1)

P 2

No. positive

% positive (95% CI1)

P 2

No. positive

% positive (95% CI1)

P 2

Age

< 65 years

67

29

43.3 (31.2–56.0)

0.154

28

41.8 (29.8–54.5)

0.332

39

58.2 (45.5–70.2)

0.421

≥ 65 years

120

65

54.2 (44.8–63.3)

 

59

49.2 (39.9–58.4)

 

77

64.2 (54.9–72.7)

 

Gender

Female

75

34

45.3 (33.8–57.3)

0.270

31

41.3 (30.1–53.3)

0.244

42

56.0 (44.1–67.5)

0.164

Male

112

60

53.6 (43.9–63.0)

 

56

50.0 (40.4–59.6)

 

74

66.1 (56.5–74.7)

 

Stage

I

40

4

10.0 (2.8–23.7)

< 0.001

2

5.0 (0.6–16.9)

< 0.001

6

15.0 (5.7–29.8)

< 0.001

II

54

29

53.7 (39.6–67.4)

 

25

46.3 (32.6–60.4)

 

35

64.8 (50.6–77.3)

 

III

63

37

58.7 (45.6–71.0)

 

36

57.1 (44.0–69.5)

 

47

74.6 (62.1–84.7)

 

IV

30

24

80.0 (61.4–92.3)

 

24

80.0 (61.4–92.3)

 

28

93.3 (77.9–99.2)

 

T stage

T1

26

2

7.7 (0.9–22.1)

< 0.001

1

3.8 (0.1–19.6)

< 0.001

2

7.7 (0.9–25.1)

< 0.001

T2

23

6

26.1 (10.2–48.4)

 

3

13.0 (2.8–33.6)

 

8

34.8 (16.4–57.3)

 

T3

96

55

57.3 (46.8–67.3)

 

56

58.3 (47.8–68.3)

 

69

71.9 (61.8–80.6)

 

T4

34

24

70.6 (52.5–84.9)

 

21

61.8 (43.6–77.8)

 

29

85.3 (68.9–95.0)

 

Unknown

8

7

87.5 (47.3–99.7)

 

6

75.0 (34.9–96.8)

 

8

100.0 (63.1–100.0)

 

N stage

N0

100

41

41.0 (31.3–51.3)

0.024

36

36.0 (26.6–46.2)

0.007

50

50.0 (39.8–60.2)

0.001

N1/N2

73

44

60.3 (48.1–71.5)

 

44

60.3 (48.1–71.5)

 

56

76.7 (65.4–85.8)

 

Unknown

14

9

64.3 (35.1–87.2)

 

7

50.0 (23.0–77.0)

 

10

71.4 (41.9–91.6)

 

M stage

M0

147

66

44.9 (36.7–53.3)

0.002

58

39.5 (31.5–47.8)

< 0.001

82

55.8 (47.4–64.0)

0.001

M1

30

24

80.0 (61.4–92.3)

 

24

80.0 (61.4–92.3)

 

28

93.3 (77.9–99.2)

 

Unknown

10

4

40.0 (12.2–73.8)

 

5

50.0 (18.7–81.3)

 

6

60.0 (26.2–87.8)

 

Size (mm)

< 20 mm

14

2

14.3 (1.8–42.8)

< 0.001

2

14.3 (1.8–42.8)

< 0.001

3

21.4 (4.7–50.8)

< 0.001

20–50 mm

100

44

44.0 (34.1–54.3)

 

37

37.0 (27.6–47.2)

 

56

56.0 (45.7–65.9)

 

> 50 mm

65

44

67.7 (54.9–78.8)

 

45

69.2 (56.6–80.1)

 

52

80.0 (68.2–88.9)

 

Unknown

8

4

50.0 (15.7–84.3)

 

3

37.5 (8.5–75.5)

 

5

62.5 (24.5–91.5)

 

Location

Proximal

75

28

37.3 (26.4–49.3)

0.011

31

41.3 (30.1–53.3)

0.306

37

49.3 (37.6–61.1)

0.011

Distal

111

65

58.6 (48.8–67.8)

 

56

50.5 (40.8–60.1)

 

78

70.3 (60.9–78.6)

 

Unknown

1

1

100.0 (2.5–100.0)

 

0

0.0 (0.0–97.5)

 

1

  

Lymphatic invasion

Yes

38

24

63.2 (46.0–78.2)

0.014

25

65.8 (48.6–80.4)

0.001

30

78.9 (62.7–90.4)

0.002

No

121

49

40.5 (31.7–49.8)

 

44

36.4 (27.8–45.6)

 

61

50.4 (41.2–59.6)

 

Perinueural invasion

Yes

20

9

45.0 (23.1–68.5)

0.860

10

50.0 (27.2–72.8)

0.541

15

75.0 (50.9–91.3)

0.104

No

138

65

47.1 (38.6–55.8)

 

59

42.8 (34.4–51.4)

 

77

55.8 (47.1–64.2)

 

Extramural vascular invasion

Yes

9

6

66.7 (29.9–92.5)

0.313

7

77.8 (40.0–97.2)

0.054

8

88.9 (51.8–99.7)

0.089

No

178

88

49.4 (41.9–57.0)

 

80

44.9 (37.5–52.6)

 

108

60.7 (53.1–67.9)

 

Intramural vascular invasion

Yes

3

2

66.7 (9.4–99.2)

0.567

2

66.7 (9.4–99.2)

0.481

2

66.7 (9.4–99.2)

0.868

No

184

92

50.0 (42.6–57.4)

 

85

46.2 (38.8–53.7)

 

114

62.0 (54.5–69.0)

 

Differentiation

Poor

34

21

61.8 (43.6–77.8)

0.241

20

58.8 (40.7–75.4)

0.124

25

73.5 (55.6–87.1)

0.160

Moderate

118

54

45.8 (36.6–55.2)

 

48

40.7 (31.7–50.1)

 

67

56.8 (47.3–65.9)

 

Well

14

6

42.9 (17.7–71.1)

 

6

42.9 (17.7–71.1)

 

7

50.0 (23.0–77.0)

 

Unknown

21

13

61.9 (38.4–81.9)

 

13

61.9 (38.4–81.9)

 

17

81.0 (58.1–94.6)

 
  1. 1Confidence interval
  2. 2P value, Pearson’s chi-square test