Fig. 1

Identification of miRNAs downregulated by DNA methylation in prostate cancer, using a combinatorial approach. a Venn diagram of the intersection of the miR expression (Exiqon) versus DNA methylation (Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip) for miRNA promoters. Intersection is shown for the downregulated miRNAs and hypermethylated miRNAs. The five common miRNAs based on expression level and DNA methylation in PCa tissues are miR-10a, miR-23b, miR-27b, miR-34c, and miR-152-3p. b Independent validation using the TCGA Prostate RNA-seq cohort for miR-10a, miR-23b, miR-27b, and miR-152-3p in PCa samples compared to NAT samples. c MiRNA expression analysis of 52 matched normal and PCa samples pairs using TCGA cohort. Except for miR-10a, all miRs were significantly downregulated in PCa. d DNA methylation levels (β-Values) for each probe in specific miRNA loci, comparing normal and PCa samples using TCGA Prostate 450 K cohort. Overall, DNA methylation gain (hypermethylation) was found in PCa samples. NAT: Normal Adjacent Tissue; PCa: Prostate Cancer; Mann-Whitney U test: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001