Table 2 Hypermethylated genes by MethylMix criteria unique to patients who survived less than 2 years after cystectomy (references listed in Additional file 3: Table S3)
From: Integrative analysis of the epigenetic basis of muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma
| Gene symbol | Gene name | Chromosome | Associated with aggressive behavior in cancer | Tumor suppressor/hypermethylated in cancer | Altered pathways | Cancer types |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CXCL6 | C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 6 | 4q13.3 | [44] | Ovarian cancer [44] | ||
| ZFP42 | ZFP42 zinc finger protein | 4q35.2 | Sox2, NOTCH/STAT3 [45] | Human embryonic stem cell marker [45] | ||
| PITX1 | Paired-like homeodomain 1 | 5q31.1 | [46, 47] |
Kidney cancer [46] Hepatocellular cancer [47] | ||
| RSPH9 | Radial spoke head 9 homolog | 6p21.1 | [48] | [49] |
Bladder cancer [50] Hepatocellular cancer | |
| HIST1H3E | Histone cluster 1 H3 family member e | 6p22.2 | [51] | Glioma [51] | ||
| SP8 | Sp8 transcription factor | 7p21.2 | Wnt/B-Catenin [52] | |||
| TAC1 | Tachykinin precursor 1 | 7q21-q22 | [46, 53, 54] | [55] |
Head/neck cancer [53] Colorectal cancer [54, 55] Esophageal cancer [46] | |
| PON3 | Paraoxonase 3 | 7q21.3 | [56, 57] |
Bladder cancer [56] Prostate cancer [57] | ||
| ABF1 | Musculin (activated B cell factor 1) | 8q13.3 | [58] | Lymphoma [58] | ||
| FOXE1 | Forkhead box E1 | 9q22 | [59] | [60] | Estrogen signaling [61] |
Colorectal carcinoma [59] Cutanous squamous cell cancer [60] Thyroid cancer [62] |
| CCDC67 | Deuterosome assembly protein 1 | 11q21 | [63] | [64] |
Thyroid carcinoma [63] Gastric carcinoma [64] | |
| ALX1 | ALX homeobox 1 | 12q21.31 | [65] | [66] | Snail [67] |
Breast cancer [66] Non-small cell lung cancer [65] Ovarian cancer [67] |
| SLC6A15 | Solute carrier family 6 member 15 | 12q21.31 | [68, 69] | Colorectal carcinoma [68, 69] | ||
| EID3 | EP300 interacting inhibitor of differentiation 3 | 12q23.3 | [70] | Colorectal cancer [70] | ||
| NKX2-8 | NK2 homeobox 8 | 14q13.3 | [71] | [72, 73] | NF-KB [72], MEK/ERK [71] |
Bladder cancer [71] Cervical cancer [73] Esopheageal cancer [72] |
| DIO3 | Deiodinase, iodothyronine type III | 14q32 | [74, 75] |
Lung cancer [74] Hematologic malignancies [75] | ||
| FOXC2 | Forkhead box C2 | 16q24.1 | [76] | MPK/AKT | Breast cancer [76] | |
| HSPB6 | Heat shock protein family B (small) member 6 | 19q13.13 | [77] | Melanoma [77] | ||
| ZNF382 | Zinc finger protein 382 | 19q13.13 | [78] | NF-kB [79] | Esophageal cancer [78] |
