Epigenetic regulation of AXL and risk of childhood asthma symptoms

Clinical Epigenetics

Table 3 Association between DNA methylation levels at selected AXL CpG sites and risk of asthma and related symptoms in childhood in the primary study population (N = 246) and replication population (N = 1038)

	cg10564498				cg12722469				cg00360107
	Primary study population		Replication population		Primary study population		Replication population		Primary study population		Replication population
Distance to TSS (bp)	− 455		− 455		− 55		− 55		6826		6826
Mean methylation (%)	26.71		19.60		17.05		11.32		6.68		4.35
	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p
Ever MD-diagnosed asthma
Overall	1.02	0.28	1.00	0.86	1.05	0.24	0.99	0.72	0.73	0.04	0.99	0.86
By sex
Boys	1.04	0.11	1.01	0.60	1.08	0.24	0.99	0.73	0.72	0.16	1.02	0.76
Girls	0.99	0.80	0.98	0.39	1.03	0.59	0.99	0.87	0.73	0.13	0.96	0.54
Interaction p value	0.24		0.32		0.59		0.92		0.94		0.51
Ever wheezing
Overall	1.03	0.21	0.97	0.13	1.07	0.09	0.95	0.05	0.78	0.07	0.90	0.04
By sex
Boys	0.98	0.59	0.92	0.006	1.07	0.38	0.92	0.01	1.05	0.87	0.92	0.20
Girls	1.07	0.04	1.02	0.44	1.08	0.14	0.99	0.86	0.69	0.04	0.89	0.10
Interaction p value	0.09		0.01		0.94		0.10		0.20		0.73
Wheezing in the previous 12 months
Overall	1.02	0.60	0.96	0.03	0.99	0.93	0.93	0.007	0.55	0.04	0.95	0.34
By sex
Boys	0.92	0.13	0.92	0.004	0.82	0.10	0.92	0.02	0.74	0.37	0.90	0.12
Girls	1.15	0.02	1.00	0.94	1.11	0.22	0.95	0.16	0.40	0.03	1.03	0.68
Interaction p value	0.009		0.06		0.04		0.58		0.23		0.19
Bronchitic symptoms in the previous 12 months
Overall	0.99	0.66	0.95	0.02	1.06	0.19	0.95	0.05	0.75	0.07	0.93	0.15
By sex
Boys	0.96	0.24	0.95	0.04	1.02	0.74	0.94	0.07	0.80	0.31	0.93	0.24
Girls	1.03	0.46	0.97	0.25	1.09	0.14	0.97	0.37	0.70	0.12	0.93	0.40
Interaction p value	0.18		0.60		0.47		0.60		0.67		0.96

The primary study population (N = 246) is adjusted for child’s age, sex, ethnicity, methylation plate and city of residence at study recruitment; additionally adjusted for ever had MD-diagnosed asthma for wheezing and bronchitic outcomes
The replication population (N = 1038) is adjusted for child’s age, sex, ethnicity and city of residence at study recruitment; additionally adjusted for ever had MD-diagnosed asthma for wheezing and bronchitic outcomes
Odds ratios are presented for an increase in 1% of DNA methylation level at birth. For all comparisons, the reference group is children not having the corresponding outcome. Significant p values (< 0.05) are marked in italics
TSS transcription start site

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