Table 2 Summary of key epigenetic modifications found in MM and their therapeutic agent when available
From: Epigenetic strategies to reverse drug resistance in heterogeneous multiple myeloma
Cancer cells | Epigenetic target/pathway | Epigenetic alteration | Therapeutic agent | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gastric | PTCH-1/HH | Hypermethylation | 5-AZA | [85] |
Liver, pancreatic | HHIP/HH | Hypermethylation | [85] | |
MM | JAG-2/Notch | Hyperacetylation | [88] | |
MB | HES1/Notch | miRNA-199b-5p | 5-AZA | [89] |
Colon | Notch1/Notch | miRNA-34a | [90] | |
MM | β-catenin/Wnt | Hypermethylation | [94] | |
MM | E-cadherin/Wnt | miRNA-23A | [16] | |
MM | HDACs | acetylation | PNB | [147] |
MM | HDAC6 | acetylation | RCL | [143] |