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Table 2 Clinical features of borderline BWS cases

From: A multi-method approach to the molecular diagnosis of overt and borderline 11p15.5 defects underlying Silver–Russell and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndromes

 

H19/IGF2:IG−DMR

KCNQ1OT1:TSS−DMR

upd(11)pat

GoM

LoM

Cases

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Sex

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

M

F

M

F

M

M

M

M

M

F

F

F

M

F

Age at last evaluation

5.4 y

9 m

10 y

7 y

3.8 y

6.5 y

1.5 y

10 d

1 y

13 m

5 m

2.5 y

5.6 y

2.5 y

4 y

9 y

6 y

1 y

3.5 y

14.5 y

8 m

Miscarriages

+

nr

nr

nr

+

Polyhydramnios

+

nr

nr

ART

+

+

nr

nr

nr

Monozygous twin

+

+

Weeks at delivery

41

37

34

38

39 + 4

36

30

40 + 3

40 + 5

39

41

36 + 4

39

nr

nr

39

40

38

41

40

40

Birth weight (g)

3790

4030

2280

2095

4085

2060

770

4590

3880

3150

4430

3130

4275

nr

nr

3910

2815

+

3650

4140

Birth length (cm)

52

53

nr

nr

53

42

31

52

52

51

54

48

49

nr

nr

53

48

nr

51

nr

nr

CC (cm)

nr

38

nr

nr

36

33

23

35

33.5

35

38

nr

35

nr

nr

36

nr

nr

34

nr

nr

Postnatalovergrowth

+

+

+

+

nr

+

Hypoglycemia

+

+

+

+

+

+

Macroglossia

+

+

+

+

±

+

+

Facial dysmorphology

+

+

+

+

+

Ear pits/creases

+

+

+

+

+

Hemihyperplasia

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

Facial asymmetry

+

+

+

+

+

+

Exomphalos

+

+

Rectum diastasis

+

+

+

+

+

Umbilical hernia

+

+

+

+

+

+

Organomegaly

Liver

Naevus flammeous

+

+

+

Wilms’ tumor/onset age

4 y

2.5 y

Convulsions

+a

Psychomotor delay

+

+

+

Other

IUGR cleft palate, dilated submeningial cavities

VSD, PFO

Hypo-thyroidism

 

PAS

Renal hypoplasia

Telarca

Thyroid nodule

Adrenal nodule

  1. y years, m months, d days, nr not reported, ART assisted reproductive technologies, g grams, CC cranial circumference, VSD (perimembranous, subaortic) ventricular septal defect, PFO patent foramen ovale, PAS pulmonary arterial stenosis
  2. aParoxysmal tonic upgaze