Maternal B vitamins: effects on offspring weight and DNA methylation at genomically imprinted domains

Clinical Epigenetics

Table 2 Adjusted regression coefficients for maternal B vitamins and birth weight by infant sex: Newborn Epigenetic STudy (N = 496)

		Infant sex
	All participants (N = 496)	Male infants (N = 248)	Female infants (N = 248)
Maternal B vitamin	β coefficient, standard error, p value
B₁₂
≤322.47 ng/L	Reference	Reference	Reference
322.48–446.04 ng/L	−12.89,70.83, 0.86	59.38, 104.12,0.58	−29.38, 101.01,0.77
446.05–575.51 ng/L	−35.89, 69.24, 0.60	−59.18, 105.57,0.58	13.55, 95.10, 0.88
>575.51 ng/L	1.85, 69.82, 0.98	108.19, 100.01,0.28	−63.02, 99.61,0.53
p for interaction		0.5276
PLP
≤3.76 nM/L	Reference	Reference	Reference
3.77–7.47 nM/L	−72.75, 71.50, 0.31	3.37, 106.39, 0.97	−126.43, 102.07, 0.22
7.48–12.05 nM/L	−45.61, 73.22, 0.53	−28.02, 114.15, 0.81	−15.02, 99.25, 0.88
>12.05 nM/L	39.81, 75.75, 0.60	43.48, 119.08,0.72	56.05, 100.69, 0.58
p for interaction		0.7014
PA
≤2.06 nM/L	Reference	Reference	Reference
2.07–3.21 nM/L	−13.80,70.48, 0.84	−50.67, 108.60, 0.64	49.43, 96.66, 0.61
3.22–5.93 nM/L	−35.02,70.51,0.62	−7.31, 107.61,0.95	−36.80, 95.43,0.70
>5.93 nM/L	9.95, 72.43, 0.89	16.03, 112.20, 0.89	35.43, 97.44, 0.72
p for interaction		0.9134
Hcy
≤4.40 umol/L	Reference	Reference	Reference
4.41–5.10 umol/L	−57.72, 70.94, 0.42	−143.95, 108.74, 0.19	27.65, 95.21, 0.77
5.11–6.00 umol/L	−72.86,71.21,0.31	−275.57, 105.70,0.01	76.91, 98.03, 0.43
>6.00 umol/L	−87.21, 70.48, 0.22	−210.40, 102.08, 0.04	27.33, 98.14, 0.78
p for interaction		0.1021

Adjusted for gestational age at delivery, gestational age at blood draw, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal race/ethnicity, parity, household income and maternal smoking
B ₁₂ vitamin B₁₂, PLP pyridoxal phosphate, PA 4-pyridoxic acid, Hcy homocysteine

ISSN: 1868-7083