Stockholm Diabetes Prevention Program | Kronan | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Normal glucose tolerance | Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes | Type 2 diabetes | ||
N = All (women/men) | 100 (50/50) | 100 (50/50) | 140 (54/86) | |
Age (years) | All | 58 (57 to 58) | 58 (57 to 58) | 61 (60 to 63)†††§§§ |
Women | 57 (55 to 58) | 57 (55 to 58) | 62 (60 to 64)†††§§§ | |
Men | 58 (57 to 59) | 58 (57 to 59) | 62 (60 to 63)††§§ | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | All | 24.4 (23.8 to 25.1) | 30.7 (29.4 to 31.9)††† | 29.3 (28.6 to 30.1)††† |
Women | 23.4 (22.7 to 24.1) | 32.2 (30.2 to 34.3)††† | 29.7 (28.4 to 30.9)†††§ | |
Men | 25.4 (24.4 to 26.4)*** | 29.1 (27.8 to 30.4)†††* | 29.1 (28.1 to 30.2)††† | |
Waist and hip ratio | All | 0.86 (0.84 to 0.87) | 0.93 (0.92 to 0.94)††† | 0.95 (0.94 to 0.96)†††§ |
Women | 0.82 (0.80 to 0.83) | 0.90 (0.88 to 0.91)††† | 0.90 (0.89 to 0.92)††† | |
Men | 0.90 (0.88 to 0.91)*** | 0.96 (0.95 to 0.98)†††*** | 0.98 (0.97 to 0.99)†††*** | |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | All | 130 (127 to 134) | 146 (143 to 150)††† | 147 (144 to 150)††† |
Women | 129 (124 to 133) | 147 (141 to 152)††† | 149 (145 to 154)††† | |
Men | 132 (126 to 137) | 146 (141 to 150)††† | 146 (142 to 150)††† | |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | All | 80 (78 to 82) | 87 (85 to 90)††† | 83 (81 to 84)§§§ |
Women | 79 (77 to 82) | 86 (83 to 89)†† | 81 (78 to 83)§ | |
Men | 82 (79 to 84) | 89 (86 to 92)††† | 84 (82 to 86)§ | |
Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | All | 4.8 (4.7 to 4.9) | 6.8 (6.4 to 7.1)††† | 9.0 (8.5 to 9.5)†††§§§ |
Women | 4.6 (4.4 to 4.7) | 6.6 (6.2 to 6.9)††† | 9.2 (8.4 to 9.9)†††§§§ | |
Men | 5.0 (4.9 to 5.1)*** | 6.9 (6.4 to 7.5)††† | 8.9 (8.2 to 9.5)†††§§§ | |
Fasting insulin (pmol/l)a | All | 73 (68 to 78) | 140 (126 to 156)††† | 135 (124 to 147)††† |
Women | 70 (64 to 76) | 150 (130 to 173)††† | 138 (123 to 154)††† | |
Men | 77 (69 to 85) | 131 (112 to 154)††† | 133 (118 to 150)††† | |
Homeostasis model of assessment: insulin resistancea | All | 2.56 (2.37 to 2.78) | 6.86 (6.03 to 7.79) | 8.53 (7.66 to 9.50)†††§ |
Women | 2.33 (2.11 to 2.59) | 7.20 (6.09 to 8.52) | 9.00 (7.78 to 10.41)††† | |
Men | 2.82 (2.49 to 3.18)* | 6.52 (5.35 to 7.96) | 8.25 (7.09 to 9.60)††† | |
IGF-I (μg/l)a | All | 156 (147 to 167) | 154 (144 to 165) | 117 (107 to 128)†††§§§ |
Women | 154 (141 to 167) | 157 (143 to 172) | 122 (106 to 141)†§§ | |
Men | 159 (145 to 175) | 152 (138 to 167) | 114 (102 to 128)†††§§§ | |
IGFBP-1 (μg/l)a | All | 42 (38 to 47) | 23 (20 to 26)††† | 17 (14 to 20)†††§§ |
Women | 57 (50 to 65) | 28 (24 to 33)††† | 18 (14 to 22)†††§§ | |
Men | 31 (27 to 37)*** | 19 (16 to 23)††** | 16 (13 to 20)††† | |
IGFBP-7 (μg/l)a | All | 20.5 (18.7 to 22.3) | 19.6 (17.8 to 21.5) | 19.2 (17.9 to 20.6) |
Women | 19.0 (16.8 to 21.4) | 20.0 (17.0 to 23.5) | 18.8 (16.7 to 21.7) | |
Men | 22.1 (19.4 to 25.1) | 19.2 (17.3 to 21.3) | 19.5 (17.8 to 21.3) |