Table 1 Evidence for sirtuin proteins being involved in life span and age-related disease

82 kDa

Deacetylase

ACS1, AR, AROS, BCL11A, COUP-TF, CTIP2, DBC1, FOXO1, FOXO4, E2F1, eNOS, histones H1, H4, IRS2, KU70, LXR, MEF2, NBS1, NCOR, NF-κB-p65, p300, p53, p73, PGC1a, RB, SMAD7, SUV39H1, TAT, TLE1, TORC2, WRN

Glucose production, insulin secretion, fatty-acid mobilization/oxidation (liver/skeletal muscle), cholesterol regulation, adipokine regulation, neuroprotection, stress resistance, apoptosis control, cell differentiation, mediation of calorie restriction

Sirt1−/−: most mice die perinatally, retinal, bone, and cardiac defects

42 kDa

Deacetylase

FOXO3a, histones H3, H4, HOXA10, 14-3-3 protein, p53, tubulin,

Tubulin deacetylation, cell cycle control

Sirt2−/−: developmentally normal

44 kDa

Deacetylase

AceCS2, GDH complex I

Thermogenesis/metabolism, ATP production, mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation

Sirt3−/−: developmentally normal, change in AcdCS2 activity, ATP levels and mitochondrial protein acetylation

35 kDa

ADP ribosyltransferase

GDH, IDE, ANT2/3

Insulin secretion

Sirt4−/−: appear healthy, increased mitochondrial GDH activity

34 kDa

Deacetylase

CPS1

Urea cycle regulation

Sirt5−/−: defect in the urea cycle

39 kDa

ADP ribosyltransferase

Histone H3, NF-κB

DNA repair, telomeric chromatin structure, NF-κB regulation, metabolism

Sirt6−/−: progeroid syndrome, profound hypoglycemia, death at 4 weeks

48 kDa

Deacetylase

RNA polymerase I, p53

rDNA transcription

Sirt7−/−: reduced life span, cardiomyopathy